Question

Q1: After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.

Since the fall of 2012, public schools have had to meet new nutrition standards (which included offering more fruits and vegetables) for their lunches. In 2013, the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) reviewed data from the 2005 School Nutrition and Dietary Assessment to investigate whether students in schools that were already following the new standards (school group A) ate more fruits and vegetables than students in schools that were not following the new standards (school group B).

You will be presented with some of the overall findings of the review and will then be asked questions related to these conclusions.

Finding #2: An  unexpected finding was that if students came from economically poor homes or homes that did not have adequate food, they did  not have greater fruit and vegetable consumption in school. What hypothesis were the researchers likely testing that produced this finding?

A) Students who lack a high family income or who have low access to fruits and vegetables are more likely to eat greater amounts of these foods than students from families with a moderate income or who have adequate access to fruits and vegetables.

B) Student who have families with their own gardens will be less likely to eat greater amount of fruits and vegtables

C)

Students who come from families with high incomes are more likely to eat greater amounts of fruits and vegetables than students from families with low incomes

D)

1. Students who come from families with adequate access to fruits and vegetables are more likely to eat greater amounts of these foods than students from families with low access to fruits and vegetables.

Answer 1

The hypothesis which researchers were likely testing is Hypothesis A - Students who lack a high family income or who have low access to fruits and vegetables are more likely to eat greater amounts of these foods than students from families with a moderate income or who have adequate access to fruits and vegetables.

Now we will discuss why this could be the answer-

- Finding was unexpected. which means that researchers were thinking exactly the opposite of what the findings are.

- Finding clearly states that Students from the poor family background or those students who have no adequate access to food are eating fewer fruits and vegetables ...... etc.

Now point is, hypothesis D - 'Students who come from families with adequate access to fruits and vegetables are more likely to eat greater amounts of these foods than students from families with low access to fruits and vegetables.' does not say anything about economic conditions of the students family. But as the finding clearly states about the economic conditions of the students family. So this was not the hypothesis.

- Hypothesis B - 'Student who has families with their own gardens will be less likely to eat a greater amount of fruits and vegetables' also is not the one, as this is also not stating anything about the economic background of students family and access to food.

- Hypothesis C- "Students who come from families with high incomes are more likely to eat greater amounts of fruits and vegetables than students from families with low incomes" is also not saying anything about the access to food. it may be possible the poor student can have good access to food if he/she is from farmer background. And also, The finding was unexpected and this hypothesis is stating the same thing which is stated in finding, so, this is also not the hypothesis.

- Hypothesis A - 'Students who lack a high family income or who have low access to fruits and vegetables are more likely to eat greater amounts of these foods than students from families with a moderate income or who have adequate access to fruits and vegetables.' is opposite to the findings, that's why the finding was unexpected. and this hypothesis includes both points which are 1.economical background and 2.students access to food.

-- Therefore Hypothesis A is the hypothesis given by the researcher.