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Why would ELISA test be used instead of a traditional biochemical test?

  1. Why would ELISA test be used instead of a traditional biochemical test?

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Traditionally biochemical tests are carried out to test the quantity of particular substances in the biological system or to test the presence or absence of certain microorganisms etc. where as ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), is an analytical biochemical assay, which uses antibodies or antigens covalently bound to enzymes to detect the presence of particular proteins associated with microorganisms.

These conjugated enzymes are selected based on their ability to catalyse the conversion of a substrate into a colored, fluorescent or chemiluminescent product. ELISA test is comparatively safer and less costly. Depending on the minute differences in the procedure, ELISA tests are of four types namely, indirect ELISA, direct ELISA, sandwich ELISA and competitive ELISA. When comparing to traditional biochemical tests, ELISA test is more specific. It uses an antigen or antibody coated microtitre, so that its specific antigen or antibody can be detected using the antigen-antibody binding principle.

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