The search for immunity to SARS-CoV-2 involves finding people who have been sick, and recovered from,...
The search for immunity to SARS-CoV-2 involves finding people who have been sick, and recovered from, that virus. Specifically, scientists are searching for IgM and IgG antibodies. Explain why it is preferable that an individual has IgG antibodies?
Homework Answers
Quantitative detection of IgM & IgG antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 has a potential significance for evaluating the severity and prognosis of COVID‐19 and can help in the development of vaccines and treatment of patients.
IgM levels increase in the first week of infection and go to the peak level in 2nd week and then reduces to near background level. IgG is detectable after 1 week and is maintained at a high level for about 50 days.
Newly discharged patients show higher levels of IgM and IgG antibodies in the blood that binds to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, which encapsulates the viral genomic RNA, as well as the S protein's receptor-binding domain (S-RBD), which binds to receptors on host cells during the process of viral entry. These findings show that COVID-19 patients can mount antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 proteins and suggest that these antibodies are maintained for at least two weeks after discharge.
One finding with clinical relevance is that amount of neutralizing antibody is associated with the IgG antibody against S-RBD. S-RBD induces both antibody and Tcell and is a promising target for COVID19 vaccine.
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