Question

CONCEPTUAL REVIEW MATERIALS Questions 1. What is a protein fingerprint? 2. Which is larger, a strand of DNA or a single protein? 3. Does each type of cell make the same type of proteins? Why or why not? 4. Why do the proteins flow downward through the gel during electrophoresis? 5. Why do bubbles form on the electrodes in the electrophoresis set-up? What are the bubbles?

Answer 1

What is protein Fingerprint?

Protein fingerprinting is used for protein identification. It is an analitical tool which helps in identification of protein by comparing it with known data ( fingerprints). For this a protein is first saperated and then digested into smaller pieces by proteolytic enzyme. Mass spectra is used to get the masses of peptide in mixture. After this peptide masses are calculated against calculated peptide masses.

Which is larger, a strand of DNA or a single protein?

A strand of DNA is larger, becasue it conatin all information about cell. It contains information of all genes and also have junk DNA, where as protein is only a translation of small part of DNA.

Does each type of cell make the same type of Protein? Why or Why not?

No, each cell does not make same type of protein. Protein is the buliding block of cell and each cell in an organ is performing its own function , for example a cell in stomach is having a different function than a cell in kidney, but both are having the same genetic composition in a person. This is possible as some genes are silenced and mRNA are modified to make different Protein.  Different genes are active in different cell while the rest are silenced.

why do the protein flow downward through the gel during elctrophoresis?

Electrophoresis is used to saperate the charged particles. It contains to ends one having and anode and other end is having cathode. Protein must be having a negative charge thats why it is moving towards the positive end at the bottom.

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