Question

1.

a) Mutations in genes encoding certain mitochondrial proteins are associated with certain types of cancer. How can defective mitochondria lead to cancer?

b) Why is the structure of the mitochondria suitable for containing the metabolic processes?

Answer 1

a) Mitochondrial defect leds to dysfunction of these organelles which directly relate to deregulation in energetic processes which is a hallmark of cancer. Mitochondrial defect is generally due to mutations like point mutations and change in copy number of genes. These defects may led to activation of cytosol signalling pathways which alter nuclear gene expression and helps in progression of cancer.

b) Structure of Mitochondria play a important role in its functionality. Outer membrane of this organelle contsins proteins which help in shuttling pyruvate and other biomolecules from cytosol whereas inner memebrane create cristae which increase surface area for reaction and conatins ATP synthesis machinary.

If it was helpful, give a thumps up