Homework Answers
Enhancers are sequence where transcription activators or repressors bind. Enhancers increase the rate of transcription by allowing the binding of transcription activators. Enhancers regulate inducible responses. They can function over a longer distance; and can be situated upstream or downstream from the transcription start site. Enhancers are position independent, orientation independent.
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TRUE |
FALSE |
|
Enhancer sequences can be located thousands of base pairs upstream from the transcription start site |
Enhancer sequence directly alter transcription levels |
|
Enhancer sequences are composed of DNA base-pairs |
Transcription factors always increase transcription levels |
|
Transcription factors bind to the entire enhancer sequence |
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Eukaryotes, transcription factors and enhancer sequences are used to regulate transcription. Classify the following statements as...
(2pts) Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe enhancer sequences: A. Enhancer sequences can...
(2pts) Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe enhancer sequences: A. Enhancer sequences can be located far away from the promoter that it regulates B. Enhancer sequences are cis-acting regulatory elements C. Enhancer sequences can be located either upstream (5’) or downstream (3’) the gene D.Enhancer sequences are located within 10 to 35 base pairs upstream of the promoter When bound by transcription factors, enhancer sequences enhance gene expression
Classify each statement according to whether it applies to general transcription factors only, specific transcription factors...
Classify each statement according to whether it applies to general transcription factors only, specific transcription factors only, both, or neither These transcription factors are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These transcription factors are proteins. These transcription factors form part of the transcription complex. One of these transcription factors binds directly to the TATA box in the core promoter. These transcription factors bind to the operator. These transcription factors bind to enhancer sequences that may be distant from the promoter....
1. trans-acting factors are able to regulate target genes from any chromosome, whereas cis-acting elements can...
1. trans-acting factors are able to regulate target genes from any chromosome, whereas cis-acting elements can only regulate genes located in the same chromosome. a. True only in operons. In Eukaryotic systems, trans-acting factors only regulate genes in the same chromosome. b. True only in Eukaryotes. Prokaryotes don’t have cis-acting elements. c. True for any organism. d. False. The statement is erroneous 2. Unlike activators, repressors never affect chromatin structure. Repressors inhibit transcription only by binding to the binding sites...
Which of the following is not true regarding regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes? In eukaryotic...
Which of the following is not true regarding regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes? In eukaryotic cells, transcriptional activators often work by recruiting the transcriptional macinery to gene promoters DNA methylation is an example of an epigenetic mark that can be inherited Acetylation of histones can result in a more open chromatin structure to allow transcription to occur Different genes can be turned off or on between different organs or stages of development Transcription factor DNA sequences are bound by...
Which of the following is true about transcription factors? They regulate the synthesis of DNA in...
Which of the following is true about transcription factors? They regulate the synthesis of DNA in response to a signal. o They are needed to regulate the synthesis of a protein in the cytoplasm. They control which genes are turned on to form mRNA. O They block the mRNA from being translated. Kinases along the signal transduction pathway are often activated via o phosphorylation by ATP O dephosphorylation by ADP
There are some significant differences in how transcription is regulated in prokaryotes like E. coli versus...
There are some significant differences in how transcription is regulated in prokaryotes like E. coli versus eukaryotes. Which of the following statements concerning gene regulation is TRUE only in eukaryotes? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY AND NO INCORRECT ANSWERS) The promoter of a gene can act in a position and distance-independent manner. The genes involved in one process are usually situated next to each other in the genome and are transcribed in one mRNA. The default state of gene transcription is...
QUESTION2 Which of the following statements is TRUE? O DNADNA hybrids and RNADNA hybrids are always...
QUESTION2 Which of the following statements is TRUE? O DNADNA hybrids and RNADNA hybrids are always antiparallel O DNA is replicated using the template strand as the template but RNA is transcribed using the sense (or coding) strand as the template. O Both DNA and RNA polymerization require a primer O Introns get spliced out of DNA and out of pre-mRNA QUESTION 3 0. Which of the following statements is FALSE? O Only Eukaryote genes have an A/T rich core...
You are conducting an experiment identifying enhancers that regulate the expression of a gene that codifies...
You are conducting an experiment identifying enhancers that
regulate the expression of a gene that codifies for a protein that
participates in cell division. The gene is called Mitosis
Regulatory Protein A or MRPA. The complete DNA sequences
for the MRPA promoter and coding region have been
identified. However, it is unknown if MRPA has enhancers
regulating its transcription. To answer this question your lab
first produced a transgenic cell line where GFP has been inserted
as a reporter gene....
2. Note whether the sentence is true or false on the line following each sentence. If...
2. Note whether the sentence is true or false on the line following each sentence. If a statement is false, cross out one incorrect word or phrase in the sentence and write the correct word on top of the incorrect word. a. When glucose levels are high, CAMP levels are high, leading to the binding of CAP. When lactose levels are high, the repressor will not be bound; this all leads to the activation of lacZ transcription in bacteria. b....
1. Which of the following statements concerning transcription of bacterial mRNA is not true? Bacterial mRNA...
1. Which of the following statements concerning transcription of bacterial mRNA is not true? Bacterial mRNA must have intron material removed before it can be used in the process of protein translation.* Energy necessary for transcription is provided by the breaking of phosphate bonds carried by ribonucleotide triphosphates (rNTPs). A sigma factor recognizes the promoter site sequences on the DNA strand during transcription. A guanine-rich sequence on the template DNA molecule causes the growing RNA strand to loop and detach.
Classify each statement according to whether it applies to general transcription factors only, specific transcription factors only, both, or neither These transcription factors are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These transcription factors are proteins. These transcription factors form part of the transcription complex. One of these transcription factors binds directly to the TATA box in the core promoter. These transcription factors bind to the operator. These transcription factors bind to enhancer sequences that may be distant from the promoter....
Which of the following is true about transcription factors? They regulate the synthesis of DNA in response to a signal. o They are needed to regulate the synthesis of a protein in the cytoplasm. They control which genes are turned on to form mRNA. O They block the mRNA from being translated. Kinases along the signal transduction pathway are often activated via o phosphorylation by ATP O dephosphorylation by ADP
There are some significant differences in how transcription is regulated in prokaryotes like E. coli versus eukaryotes. Which of the following statements concerning gene regulation is TRUE only in eukaryotes? (CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY AND NO INCORRECT ANSWERS) The promoter of a gene can act in a position and distance-independent manner. The genes involved in one process are usually situated next to each other in the genome and are transcribed in one mRNA. The default state of gene transcription is...
QUESTION2 Which of the following statements is TRUE? O DNADNA hybrids and RNADNA hybrids are always antiparallel O DNA is replicated using the template strand as the template but RNA is transcribed using the sense (or coding) strand as the template. O Both DNA and RNA polymerization require a primer O Introns get spliced out of DNA and out of pre-mRNA QUESTION 3 0. Which of the following statements is FALSE? O Only Eukaryote genes have an A/T rich core...
You are conducting an experiment identifying enhancers that
regulate the expression of a gene that codifies for a protein that
participates in cell division. The gene is called Mitosis
Regulatory Protein A or MRPA. The complete DNA sequences
for the MRPA promoter and coding region have been
identified. However, it is unknown if MRPA has enhancers
regulating its transcription. To answer this question your lab
first produced a transgenic cell line where GFP has been inserted
as a reporter gene....
2. Note whether the sentence is true or false on the line following each sentence. If a statement is false, cross out one incorrect word or phrase in the sentence and write the correct word on top of the incorrect word. a. When glucose levels are high, CAMP levels are high, leading to the binding of CAP. When lactose levels are high, the repressor will not be bound; this all leads to the activation of lacZ transcription in bacteria. b....
1. Which of the following statements concerning transcription of bacterial mRNA is not true? Bacterial mRNA must have intron material removed before it can be used in the process of protein translation.* Energy necessary for transcription is provided by the breaking of phosphate bonds carried by ribonucleotide triphosphates (rNTPs). A sigma factor recognizes the promoter site sequences on the DNA strand during transcription. A guanine-rich sequence on the template DNA molecule causes the growing RNA strand to loop and detach.
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