1. Explain chemiosmotic coupling and its relation to oxidative phosphorylation: 2.Illustrate and describe the mechanism of...
1. Explain chemiosmotic coupling and its relation to oxidative phosphorylation:
2.Illustrate and describe the mechanism of ATP synthase conversion of gradient energy to mechanical energy to chemical energy.
3. Explain common sense feedback regulation of metabolic pathways.
Homework Answers
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1. Explain chemiosmotic coupling and its relation to
oxidative phosphorylation:
2.Illustrate and describe the mechanism of...
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation...
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation found in glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle?
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation...
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation found in glycolysis and th e Kreb’s cycle?
What is substrate level and respiration-linked phosphorylation, • What is oxidative phosphorylation, how is it different...
What is substrate level and respiration-linked phosphorylation, • What is oxidative phosphorylation, how is it different from photophosphorylation. • What is the chemiosmotic theory • describe the electron transport chain (ETC) with different complexes and components, what are the electron carries, what forms are electron moved etc. • explain the Q cycle • Describe the different cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins of the ETC • What is proton motive force, chemical potential and electrical potential • describe the structure of ATP...
QUESTION 2 What is the main mechanism of action for oxidative phosphorylation? A Uses the free...
QUESTION 2 What is the main mechanism of action for oxidative phosphorylation? A Uses the free energy of the proton gradient generated as a result of transferring electrons from NADH OF FADH2 to O2 by a series of electron carriers for ATP production B. Uses the net yield of ATP produced by Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle to produce more ATP. Uses the free energy released during redox reactions in Complexes I-IV (the electron transport chain) and is uncoupled...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
1.What does an uncoupler do? 2.Cyanide is a potent poison and can cause rapid death in...
1.What does an uncoupler do? 2.Cyanide is a potent poison and can cause rapid death in humans. Explain its mechanism! 3.Explain the coupling between the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Include a description of the mechanism of ATP synthase PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
13. Describe 2 mechanisms whereby ATP is generated during cellular respiration Mechanism 1: Mechanism 2: 14....
13. Describe 2 mechanisms whereby ATP is generated during cellular respiration Mechanism 1: Mechanism 2: 14. Indicate the MAIN molecules that enter and exit each of these processes? Molecule(s) IN Process Molecule(s) OUT Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Citric Acid/Krebs Cycle ETC Photophosphorylation Calvin Cycle 15. Isocitrate is a 6 carbon molecule that is oxidized to a-ketoglutarate (a 5 carbon molecule) by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase. What happens to the extra carbon atom in this reaction and in which process (listed in...
Chapter 7 1. What is the main source of energy for most living organisms? 2. What...
Chapter 7 1. What is the main source of energy for most living organisms? 2. What are the laws that gover the life and death of cells called? 3. Why is an organism's ability to exchange energy with its environment referred to as an open system? 4. What is entropy? 5. What is the second law of thermodynamics? Does the conversion of energy require the use of energy? 6. Define: a. Catabolism b. Anabolism c. Metabolism d. Exergonic e. Endergonic...
1. Why do fats provide more energy per molecule than glucose? Explain your answer in terms...
1. Why do fats provide more energy per molecule than glucose? Explain your answer in terms of the electrons extracted during the process of cellular respiration. 2. A rare, frameshift genetic mutation can alter the structure of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex such that it no longer functions within the cell. Describe what parts of the process of cellular respiration would be impacted due to this non- functional enzyme. 3. The citric acid cycle functions to completely oxidize glucose in the...
Microbiology: 1. Explain how you would use Robert Koch's postulates to determine that Bacterium HU220 is...
Microbiology: 1. Explain how you would use Robert Koch's postulates to determine that Bacterium HU220 is the causative agent of the disease XYZ. Also, explain why Koch's postulates cannot be fulfilled for some microorganisms. 2. Discuss the role of phages in bacterial pathogenesis. 3. The complement system functions as a mediator of both innate and adaptive host defense mechanisms. Given your knowledge of host-defense system, discuss the role played by the complement system in both adaptive and innate immunity, 4....
QUESTION 2 What is the main mechanism of action for oxidative phosphorylation? A Uses the free energy of the proton gradient generated as a result of transferring electrons from NADH OF FADH2 to O2 by a series of electron carriers for ATP production B. Uses the net yield of ATP produced by Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle to produce more ATP. Uses the free energy released during redox reactions in Complexes I-IV (the electron transport chain) and is uncoupled...
Inhibitors of Oxidative Phosphorylation The following chemicals inhibit oxidative phosphorylation: Cyanide: Cyanide is a naturally occurring compound that binds to protein complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. Metformin: At the cellular level, chemically synthesized metformin, a drug commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes, inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking complex I. Dinitrophenol: Dinitrophenol is a metabolic poison that can be sold legally as a pesticide. Although it is lethal to humans,...
13. Describe 2 mechanisms whereby ATP is generated during cellular respiration Mechanism 1: Mechanism 2: 14. Indicate the MAIN molecules that enter and exit each of these processes? Molecule(s) IN Process Molecule(s) OUT Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Citric Acid/Krebs Cycle ETC Photophosphorylation Calvin Cycle 15. Isocitrate is a 6 carbon molecule that is oxidized to a-ketoglutarate (a 5 carbon molecule) by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase. What happens to the extra carbon atom in this reaction and in which process (listed in...
Chapter 7 1. What is the main source of energy for most living organisms? 2. What are the laws that gover the life and death of cells called? 3. Why is an organism's ability to exchange energy with its environment referred to as an open system? 4. What is entropy? 5. What is the second law of thermodynamics? Does the conversion of energy require the use of energy? 6. Define: a. Catabolism b. Anabolism c. Metabolism d. Exergonic e. Endergonic...
1. Why do fats provide more energy per molecule than glucose? Explain your answer in terms of the electrons extracted during the process of cellular respiration. 2. A rare, frameshift genetic mutation can alter the structure of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex such that it no longer functions within the cell. Describe what parts of the process of cellular respiration would be impacted due to this non- functional enzyme. 3. The citric acid cycle functions to completely oxidize glucose in the...
Microbiology: 1. Explain how you would use Robert Koch's postulates to determine that Bacterium HU220 is the causative agent of the disease XYZ. Also, explain why Koch's postulates cannot be fulfilled for some microorganisms. 2. Discuss the role of phages in bacterial pathogenesis. 3. The complement system functions as a mediator of both innate and adaptive host defense mechanisms. Given your knowledge of host-defense system, discuss the role played by the complement system in both adaptive and innate immunity, 4....
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