Question

List 5 abnormalities that you observed after researching karyotypes of cancerous cells.

Answer 1

List of 5 abnormalities ar - Most of the karyotypes of cancerous cells contain more than one kind of chromsonal abnormality. - One type of abnormality is called a chromosomal rearrangement. This occurs when a portion of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches at the wrong location, This can result in a hybrid genes", which consist of genes fused together at the points of breakage and reattachment. I have identified more than 200 hybrid genes many of which involve genes linked to cancer. Chromosomal rearrangements also cans affeet sections of DNA that control gene activity, cansing genes inrotred in cell dirision to go into hyper drive, or even disabling genes that normally rein in cell growth ... Incorrect copying of chromosomes can lead to other problems as well. Genes that should be present may be deleted or deactivated. If such genes are tumor suppressor genes, whose job is to keep cell dirision in check, their absence on idleness can remore critical restraints on growth. The opposite problema surplus or overactivity of some genes. can be equally hazardous if the offected genes help cell growth and dirision.

- Chromosomal abnormalities can also hobble genes involved in repairing damaged DNA. If damaged occurs in a gene that normally drives or constrains cell growth, DNA- nepain genes are often able to fix the problem so growth. doesn't reer out of control. But if the repain genes themselves don't work properly, there may be little to prevent this loss of control.