Question

5.1. What are the two main divisions of the vertebrate nervous system? A) parasympathetic and sympathetic B) autonomic and sympathetic nervous system C) Brain and Spinal Cord D) Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System 5.2. What are the three major structures that make up the diencephalon? A) The medulla, the pituitary gland, and the hindbrain B) The thalamus, hypothalamus and pituitary gland c) The pons, the hypothalamus, and the optic tract D) The motor cortex, the occipital lobe, and the pons 5.3. What term means toward the back of the organism? A) B) Ipsilateral Contralateral Ic) Posterior D) Anterior 5.4. The hindbrain consists of the A) Tectum, termentum and reticular formation

Answer 1

(CORRECT ANSWER 5.1) (OPTION D)

(EXPLANATION FOR CORRECT ANSWER) The two main divisions of the vertebrate nervous system are - The Central and Peripheral nervous system.

i. The Central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord

ii. The Peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprises of nerves that connects the brain with the rest of the body.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION A) Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous system are the branches of the Autonomic nervous system.

i. The sympathetic nervous system - controls the response of the body during fight/flight. It causes the heart rate to increase.

ii. The parasympathetic nervous system - controls the response of the body at rest. It plays a role in the maintenance of homeostasis, decreases the heart-rate.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION B) The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntary motions of the body (functions that take place without a person's conscious effort) such as Blood pressure, Heart rate, production of body fluids such as saliva, sweat, tears, breathing, etc.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION C) Brain and Spinal cord together form the Central nervous system. The brain is the command center of the body whereas the spinal cord serves as the pathway through which to and fro of information between the body and brain takes place.

(CORRECT ANSWER 5.2) (OPTION B)

(EXPLANATION FOR CORRECT ANSWER) Three major structures of the Diencephelaon which is a division of the forebrain are - thalamus, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION A) The medulla is a part of the hindbrain. The pituitary gland is a part of the forebrain. The hindbrain is composed of three main parts - the medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION C) Pons is a part of the hindbrain. Hypothalamus is a part of the diencephalon. The optic tract is a part of the visual system of the brain.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION D) The motor cortex is a region in the cerebral cortex of the brain which functions in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements of the body. The occipital lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex of the brain and functions in the processing of visual signals.

(CORRECT ANSWER 5.3) (OPTION C)

(EXPLANATION FOR CORRECT ANSWER) Posterior is derived fro the Latin word, "posterus" which means coming after. In medical terms, posterior refers to the backside of the body.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION A) Ipsilateral refers to the same side. For example, If a person develops a tumor on the right side of the brain it may affect the vision ipsilaterally i.e, in the right eye.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION B) Contralateral refers to the other side. For example, If a person suffers a stroke on the right side of the body it may cause paralysis contralaterally.e, of the left leg.

(EXPLANATION FOR INCORRECT ANSWER) (OPTION D) Anterior is derived from the Latin word, "ante" which means coming before. In medical terms, it refers to the front side of the body.