Question

(CHO)n-C7H1403-C7H1407 C7H107 cellulose and chitin- starch and glycogen-sucrose-galactose- maltose-fructose-fatty acids- polymer- monomer- saturated- unsaturated-glycerol-glycogen-collagen -hemoglobin-ribose- nitrogen base- chitin-phosphate group-insulin-pentose sugar-carbon- nitrogen- hydrogen-phosphorus- steroids- hydrolysis- dehydration-hydrogen bond- covalent bond-peptide bond- disulfide bond-guanine-cytosine- adenine-thymine-uracil-van der Waals-hydrophobic- sugar and phosphate bond- 26. DNA has the nitrogen baso instead of 27. In the structure of protein, the amino acids are joined together by 28. The backbone of DNA strands forms a bond between 29. These are nitrogenous bases from the type purines and 30. When two amino acids with sulfhydryl groups (-SH) form a bond (-S-S-) this bond is called . 31. In protein tertiary structure, the amino acids clustered in the core of protein out of the contact with water. This interaction is called 32. This protein f acilitates the gas transportation in human cells.

Answer 1

26. DNA has the nitrogen base thymine instead of uracil.

DNA consist of nitrogenous bases: A,T,G,C whereas Uracil(U) is present in RNA and mRNA along with A,G,C.

27. In the polymer structure of protein, the amino acids are joined together by peptide bond.

Amino acid is a monomeric unit of protein. Amino acids bond to make polymer which is protein. A nitrogen of amino group of one amino acid uses its lone pair to form a bond with the carbonyl group of another amino acid.

28. The backbone of DNA strands forms a bond between sugar and phosphate bond.

The backbone of the DNA is made from ribose sugar which is linked to the phosphate group at their respective 3' and 5' position

29. These are nitrogenous bases from the type purine Adenine and Guanine.

Pyrimidines include thymine, cytosine, and uracil. They have a single ring structure. Purines include adenine and guanine. They have a double ring structure.

30. When two amino acids with sulfhydryl group (-SH) form a bond (-S-S-) this bond is called Disulphide bond.

Disulphide bond/ linkages between two cysteine. are much stronger than the other types of bonds that contribute to tertiary structure. They act like molecular "safety pins," keeping parts of the polypeptide firmly attached to one another.

31. In protein tertiary structure, the hydrophobic amino acids clustered in the core of protein out of the contact of water. This interaction is called van der waal.

Hydrophobic interactions, in which amino acids with nonpolar, hydrophobic R groups cluster together on the inside of the protein, leaving hydrophilic amino acids on the outside to interact with surrounding water molecules.

Note: I personally feel, some keyword is missing to fill in this sentence. they have not mentioned any amino acid name which can be hydrophobic like glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), valine (Val), leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), proline (Pro), phenylalanine (Phe), methionine (Met), and tryptophan (Trp). However I wrote van der waal as it contributes to the hydrophobic interaction. The relationship between van der waals forces and hydrophobic interactions is that the van der waals act to bind the hydrophobe - non-polar substance - together, to separate from the polar solvent/water, and this helps in giving energy needed to separate the two substances.

32. This protein haemoglobin facilitates the gas transportation in human cells.

Haemoglobin is a transport protein. It carries oxygen throughout the body in blood or lymph.