Question

Adenosine deaminases modify adenosines to form which is then read as ___ by the translation and splicing systems, as well as by reverse transcriptase. 

Cephalopods like squid and octopus use this form of editing very extensively in their protein-coding regions. For each of the following, please indicate how these enzymes can alter the mRNA to produce the indicated codon changes. 

(lleu) is changed to V (val): 

K(Lys) is changed to E (Glu): 

T (Thr) is changed to A (ala):

Answer 1

B2. Adenosine deaminase modify adenosine to form inosine which is then read as guanosine by translation and splicing systems as well as the reverse transcriptase.

Glycine, arginine, and valine are the residues most often created by editing, and they normally have a destabilizing effect on proteins. Lysine, isoleucine, and glutamate are selected for conversion most frequently, and they normally have a stabilizing influence. Glycine, with its small side chain, is thought to lend greater flexibility or conformational entropy to hinge and helix regions of proteins