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3. You are a physician prescribing a patient drugs to fight cancer. Describe the mechanism of action (how the drug works) of
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Answer #1

a) Avista

Raloxifene hydrochloride is sold as a vista. Avista is the trade name of the drug. The drug is used mainly for the treatment of osteoporosis. It is also used for reducing the risk of breast cancer in women of postmenopause.

Raloxifene act through estrogen receptors. It has both agonistic and antagonistic action. Binding of drug with receptor lead to gene activation in different tissues. On mammary gland it act as an antagonist and in bone tissues it act as agonist.

b) Dactinomycin

Also known as actinomycin D. The drug is used to treat different types of cancer such as Ewwing's sarcoma,testicular tumor, Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma etc.

The drug binds with cellular DNA and affect the synthesis of mRNA.

c)Cyramza

Ramucirumab is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma etc.

Ramucirumab is an antagonist of VEGFR2.It blocks binding of VEGFR ligands.

d) Abitrexate(methotrexate)

Methotrexate used to treat cancers like leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer etc.

MTX inhibit dihydrofolate reductase enzyme.

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