Can we use bacterial cells to produce human proteins? Why? Explain. Which type of cells would...
Can we use bacterial cells to produce human proteins? Why? Explain. Which type of cells would be better for protein expression of human proteins? Mammal or bacteria cells? Why?
Homework Answers
Question
Yes, we can use bacterial cells to produce human proteins. This is because bacteria is easily genetically modified to produce human proteins. For example, the insulin and human growth hormone are the proteins produced in large scale using bacterial cells. Mammalian cells are better for the protein expression of human proteins because bacterial cells lack the post-translational modification of proteins produced but mammls cells have post-translational modification like phosphorylation, acetylation that affect the structure and function of the protein.
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Can we use bacterial cells to produce human proteins? Why?
Explain. Which type of cells would...
Scientists have engineered bacteria to produce human proteins such as human growth hormone (hGH) to help...
Scientists have engineered bacteria to produce human proteins such as human growth hormone (hGH) to help treat dwarfism. Suppose the unmodified eukaryotic gene coding for hGH is inserted directly into a bacterial chromosome. Select the reasons why no expression would be seen in the bacterial cell for the hGH gene. Bacteria cannot remove intronic sequence from a gene, so if the gene for hGH were transcribed, it would translate to a nonfunctional protein. The bacterial nucleoid does not have the...
Bacterial cells generally lack the glycosyltransferase enzymes required to attach oligosaccharides (sugar oligomers) to proteins. How...
Bacterial cells generally lack the glycosyltransferase enzymes required to attach oligosaccharides (sugar oligomers) to proteins. How does the absence of these enzymes limit the use of bacterial expression systems in producing human proteins?
Many antibiotics act to interfere with bacterial translation because of which of the following? Bacteria use...
Many antibiotics act to interfere with bacterial translation because of which of the following? Bacteria use different amino acids to make their proteins The protein component of bacterial ribosomes is different from human ribosomes The ribosomal RNA of bacteria use different bases than human RNA Bacteria don't have an endoplasmic reticulum for the ribosomes to dock onto
QUESTION 21 These proteins, often injected into host cells by a type 3 secretion system, allow...
QUESTION 21 These proteins, often injected into host cells by a type 3 secretion system, allow certain bacteria to penetrate cells by inducing phagocytosis of the bacteria by the host cell. As a result, these bacteria don't have to compete for nutrients and can resist many body defense molecules. This is used as a virulence factor by Shigella, Yersinia, and Salmonella. This best describes what? Bacterial flagella and axial filaments. Bacterial cell surface proteins called adhesins. Bacterial capsules (glycocalyces). Bacterial...
In humans, there are about 200 different types of cells. Why are your liver cells different...
In humans, there are about 200 different types of cells. Why are your liver cells different from skin cells, or neurons, or muscle cells? During development, each cell accumulates different mutations changing their DNA They produce the same proteins but some of those proteins are denatured in each cell They have different DNA and thus, each cell produces different proteins They produce the same kind of proteins but not all proteins are active in each cell They have the same...
we transform bacteria to make medically useful human proteins such as insulin and growth hormone. explain...
we transform bacteria to make medically useful human proteins such as insulin and growth hormone. explain how the experiment we did could be modified so that we could transform e coli cells to manufacture huge quanties of human insulin molecules. this is a two part wuestion
To observe the localization of a proteins in living bacterial cells, you can use: 1. Centrifugation...
To observe the localization of a proteins in living bacterial cells, you can use: 1. Centrifugation 2. NMR 3. Gelelectrophoresis 4. GFPtranscriptionalfusions 5. GFPtranslationalfusions 6. 4&5
Two cells use the same segment of DNA to produce two different proteins. The mRNA transcribed...
Two cells use the same segment of DNA to produce two different proteins. The mRNA transcribed by cell A contains more introns than does the mRNA produced by cell B. Which of the following is true about the proteins of these cells? A. The protein for cell A is longer. B. The protein for cell A is shorter. C. Cell A produces more of this protein. D. Cell A produces less of this protein.
which statement about iron uptake into bacterial cells is FALSE? a) siderophores bind ferric iron b)...
which statement about iron uptake into bacterial cells is FALSE? a) siderophores bind ferric iron b) bacteria can have receptors for siderophores that they themselves do not make c) in a form of nutritional immunity, human cells compete for iron in order to prevent iron uptake d) ferric iron is extremely soluble, and this is why there is a fierce competition for it in nature
5-11 Explain the phrase 'bacterial resistance'. Does this phenomenon qualify as evolution? Why or why not?...
5-11 Explain the phrase 'bacterial resistance'. Does this phenomenon qualify as evolution? Why or why not? Name and describe 2 examples of human infections that are caused by bacteria that exhibit resistance to some of our commonly used antibiotics. Example 1: Example 2: 5-12 Anthrax, a notoriously dangerous bacterium, is often common in soil. So why is it so dangerous? 5-13 When scientists contemplate possible life on Mars, they focus on the possibility of bacterial-like cells, not cells more complex....
Scientists have engineered bacteria to produce human proteins such as human growth hormone (hGH) to help treat dwarfism. Suppose the unmodified eukaryotic gene coding for hGH is inserted directly into a bacterial chromosome. Select the reasons why no expression would be seen in the bacterial cell for the hGH gene. Bacteria cannot remove intronic sequence from a gene, so if the gene for hGH were transcribed, it would translate to a nonfunctional protein. The bacterial nucleoid does not have the...
Many antibiotics act to interfere with bacterial translation because of which of the following? Bacteria use different amino acids to make their proteins The protein component of bacterial ribosomes is different from human ribosomes The ribosomal RNA of bacteria use different bases than human RNA Bacteria don't have an endoplasmic reticulum for the ribosomes to dock onto
QUESTION 21 These proteins, often injected into host cells by a type 3 secretion system, allow certain bacteria to penetrate cells by inducing phagocytosis of the bacteria by the host cell. As a result, these bacteria don't have to compete for nutrients and can resist many body defense molecules. This is used as a virulence factor by Shigella, Yersinia, and Salmonella. This best describes what? Bacterial flagella and axial filaments. Bacterial cell surface proteins called adhesins. Bacterial capsules (glycocalyces). Bacterial...
In humans, there are about 200 different types of cells. Why are your liver cells different from skin cells, or neurons, or muscle cells? During development, each cell accumulates different mutations changing their DNA They produce the same proteins but some of those proteins are denatured in each cell They have different DNA and thus, each cell produces different proteins They produce the same kind of proteins but not all proteins are active in each cell They have the same...
5-11 Explain the phrase 'bacterial resistance'. Does this phenomenon qualify as evolution? Why or why not? Name and describe 2 examples of human infections that are caused by bacteria that exhibit resistance to some of our commonly used antibiotics. Example 1: Example 2: 5-12 Anthrax, a notoriously dangerous bacterium, is often common in soil. So why is it so dangerous? 5-13 When scientists contemplate possible life on Mars, they focus on the possibility of bacterial-like cells, not cells more complex....
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