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1. If an mRNA carried a mutation that caused a difference in the amino acid sequence...

1. If an mRNA carried a mutation that caused a difference in the amino acid sequence relative to the wild-type gene product, would the translation machinery recognize this and correct it? Explain.

2. Synthesis of mRNA (transcription) and protein (translation) proceed in an ordered manner, from one end of the molecule to another. What is the polarity of each of these processes? (Use the terms 5', 3', amino, carboxyl.)

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Answer #1

1. Translation machinery will not be able to detect the discrepancy present in the Messenger RNA. This can only be detected by messenger RNA proofreading. If the defect is to be removed, then it is either repaired or the whole messenger RNA is degraded. The process of translation is only the addition of amino acid using codon present on messenger RNA. No matter what the codons are, whether they are correct or incorrect, translation will keep on adding amino acids.

2. The Messenger RNA synthesized in transcription is synthesized in 5' to 3' direction.

The peptide synthesized during translation is synthesized from amino to carboxyl Terminal.

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