How does CRISPR tie it into what we've been learning about DNA and evolution.
I am writing an essay about this topic.
CRISPR is a technology that can be used to edit genes When the CRISPR Cas9 protein is added to a cell along with a piece of guide RNA the Cas9 protein hooks up with the guide RNA and then moves along the strands of DNA until it finds and binds to a 20-DNA-letter long sequence that matches part of the guide RNA sequence.
*DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the
instructions an organism needs to develop, live and reproduce.
These instructions are found inside every cell, and are passed down
from parents to their children.
*DNA was first observed by a German biochemist named Frederich
Miescher in 1869. But for many years, researchers did not realize
the importance of this molecule. It was not until 1953 that James
Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin
figured out the structure of DNA a double helix which they realized
could carry biological information.
*DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide
contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen
base.
*The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T),
guanine (G) and cytosine (C).
*A person's DNA contains information about their heritage, and can
sometimes reveal whether they are at risk for certain
diseases.
*DNA molecules are long — so long, in fact, that they can't fit
into cells without the right packaging. To fit inside cells, DNA is
coiled tightly to form structures we call chromosomes Each
chromosome contains a single DNA molecule. Humans have 23 pairs of
chromosomes, which are found inside the cell's nucleus.
*Human DNA has around 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of
those bases are the same in all people.
*Nucleotides are attached together to form two long strands that
spiral to create a structure called a double helix. If you think of
the double helix structure as a ladder, the phosphate and sugar
molecules would be the sides, while the bases would be the rungs.
The bases on one strand pair with the bases on another strand:
adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine.
*Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of
biological populations over successive generations. These
characteristics are the expressions of genes that are passed on
from parent to offspring during reproduction.
*Evolution by natural selection is one of the best substantiated
theories in the history of science, supported by evidence from a
wide variety of scientific disciplines, including paleontology,
geology, genetics and developmental biology.
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