Question

100. Flare is: (a) the widest frequency of light that can enter an objective (b) the bending of light as it passes through different substances (c) wavelength/2NA (d) when the beam of light "spreads" wider than the objective's "hole" (e) wavelengths of light too short to enter the objective

101. Coccobacillus shaped bacteria are considered to be_?_ (a) cocci (b) bacilli (c) diplobacilli (d) diplococci (e)answers a and b only

102. This microscope is used for cheap and quick "'diagnosis" of many infectious microbes. (a) UV (b) White light compound (c)phase contrast (d)Election (e)Confocal

103. The COUNTER STAIN in the Endospore stain is known as: (a) methylene blue (b)iodine solution safranin (d) ethanol (e) crystal violet

104. Which of the following is the smallest unit of measure used by the Journal of the American Society or Microbiology? (a) nanometer (b) centimeter (c) micrometer (d) micron (e) Angstrom

105. Which microscopic measurement is considered THE STANDARD for bacteriology? (a) nanometer (b)centimeter (c) micrometer (d) micron (e)Angstrom

106. Why don't we use a regular orange-yellow incandescent light bulb as the light source of light microscopes? (a) yellow light reduces the refractive index (b) yellow light decreases diffraction (c) longer wavelengths decrease resolution (d) shorter wavelengths light are important to use as they increase resolution (e)answers c and d only

107. What does an ocular micrometer do on a light microscope? (a) allows a "guestimate of objects being observed (b) focuses light from the source onto the specimen (c) reduces the refractive index (d) reduces the numerical aperture of the objective lens (e) allows the wavelength of light to be selected

108. Which of the following would be the "Tint" of white light best used for viewing microbes? (a) red light (b) yellow light (c) "black" light (d) green light (e) ultra-violet rays

109. The longer the VWAVELENGTH the less the_?. (a) reflection (b) refraction (c) resolution (d)diffraction (e) luminescence

110. Which objective is used for storage? (a) 4X (b) 10x (c) 40x (d) 100x (e) none of these is correct

111. How do you store the microscope with respect to the condenser? (a) up (b) down (c) scanning

clicked into place (d) open (e) closed

112. What is the MOST IMPORTANT consideration when properly storing OUR microscopes? (a)remove stains & oil from the stage (b) turn the light down and the switch off (c) bring the condenser into position for storage (d) remove oil with lens paper (from the oil immersion lens) & High Dry (e)bring the stage to the proper position and wrap the cord

113. Where do you place your eyes when looking through our microscopes? (a) against the eyepieces (b) 10 cm back from the eyepiece (c) 2 -2.5 cm back from the ocular (d) 1 m back from the ocular (e) none of these is correct

114. How many lines of information should you put on a procedure card? (a) 5 (b) as many as necessary (c) 10 or less (d) I don't write it, I only "cut and paste" (e) as much accurate information as I can find

115. The correct order of the Acid Fast dyes is/are: (a) methylene blue; safranin (b) crystal violet; safranin (c) malachite green; safranin (d) carbolfuchsin; methylene blue (e) none of these is correct

116. Staining of bacteria for microscopy is necessary because: (a) microbes are naturally clear (b) microbes are killed by dyes (c) microbes don't flow under the light when they are stained (d) stains are pretty (e) none of these is correct

117. Stereoisomers (D &L forms) differ from each other in: (a) their atomic elements (b) the "side that functional groups are hung on the carbon backbone (c) the site of absorption (d) the enzymes that can "work” on them (e)answers b & d

118. According to our lectures, fimbrae are... (a) hollow protein tubes (b) used for adherence (c) used to get oxygen (d) sometimes "dangerous" (e) none of these is incorrect

119. Which of the following is NOTa part of a prokaryotic cell? (a) DNA (b) plasma membrane (c) 80s ribosome (d) cell wall (e) RNA

120. ENDOSPORES themselves may stain (color?)_?_ using the ACID FAST STAIN. (a) red/pink (b) blue (c) fuchsia red or hot pink (d) green (e) light against a dark background

121. The vegetative cell stains_?using the ENDoSPORE stain. (a) pink (b) purple/blue (c) fuchsia red (d) green (e) light against a dark background

122. If the focal plane remains approximately the same when you change objectives the microscope is said to be_?_(a) binocular (b) compound (c) in phase (d) parafocal (e) a "guestimate" not an estimate of the size of the microbe being observed

123. You have made a stained prep. You are beginning to view the slide. You place the slide on the stage in the "cut-out" with oil and turn on the light. You move the slide "circle" over the hole in the stage. You rotate the ring around and move to the 10x objective and set the eyepiece width correctly. You bring the stage all the way up. You look through the eyepiece but the field is yellow and dark. Which of the following could be wrong? (a) your light power is low (b) your condenser is down (c) your diaphragm is closed (d) your objective is not "clicked" into place (e) none of these is incorrect

124. SMEARS are safe to handle because they function to... (a) attach the microbes to the slide (b) kil the microbe (c) cause solutions to attach to the microbes so that they are visible and improve contrast (d) answers "a" & "b" only (e) none of these is incorrect

125. You hurry to finish your smear and stain. You blot it dry and place it on the stage in the cut-out. You can see your stained prep on 10x but it is "blurry & unclear" at 100x. All of the following are likely reasons why you see a blurry view at 100x but which of the following is the mostly likely reason that you cannot see a clear view of the microbe at 100x? (a) you forgot to put the oil on the circle (b) you over-washed the slide (c) you didn't heat fix properly (d) your slide is not place on the stage (e) you "flipped" the slide and are trying to focus on the wrong side

126. When you focus your Gram stain under 100x you see nice large purple rods with 80% pink ovals and other pink shapes. What is the most likely reason that a pure culture has more than one shape? (a) contamination because students that do not heat the entire loop (b) the microbe is Bacillus that is 52

hrs old (c) the slant is a 12 hr Clostridium (d) MYCOBACTERIA again! (e) none of these you "burned" the smear in heat fixing

127. You can see your stained prep on 10x but it is "blurry" and flowing like a "river" at 100x. All of the following are likely reasons why you see a blurry view at 100x but which of the following is the mostly likely reason that you cannot see your microbe correctly at 100x? (a) you forgot to put the oil on the circle (b) you over-washed the slide (c) you didn't heat fix properly (d) your slide is not place on the stage properly and is above or below the "cut-out" (e) you "flipped" the slide and are trying to focus on the wrong side

128. Which of the following is NOT CORRECT concerning RESOLUTION: (a) requires that light pass between two objects (b) refers to the ability to distinguish two objects that are close together (o) is higher with light of longer wavelength (d) decreases as wavelength gets nearer "red" (e) is greater using electrons when compared to visible light

129. Your microscope has a Type B eyepiece, Tvpe B 4x obiective, Type A 10x low power lens, Type A 40x High dry, Type B 100x lens, Type B condenser lens and liaht bulb and Type A and Type B slides. When Viewing E. coli you should use ? immersion oil. (a) Tvpe B on Type B slides and the 4x for focusing (b)Type A on Type A slides & Type A 100x (c) Type C (d) Type D (e) none of these is correct

130. The _? _ Controls the amount of light that passes directly through our specimen and into the objective jens. (a) nosepiece (b) ocular (c) condenser apparatus (d) Flare (e) iris

131. Phase contrast scopes have special ? which exaggerates light bouncing off a microbe. (a) nosepiece (b) ocular (c) condenser (d) iris diaphragm (e) objective and condenser

132. How do you "clean-up" a spill of Malachite green or Carbolfuchsin dye or remove if from your scope? (a) alcohol and a paper towel (b) water and lots of paper towels (c) it cannot be cleaned well by these methods (d) acetone alcohol and a paper towel works best (e) none of these is incorrect

133. Which of the following is NOT a part of the condenser? (a) eye iris (b) condenser lens (C) light source (d) filter (e) none of these is incorrect

134. DIFFRACTION is when... (a) wavelengths of light (whose peaks are farther apart than the objectives NA) are forced through the objective (b) light from the condenser spreads beyond the width of the NA (c) light is bent from the light source to the eyepiece (d) the wrong wavelength is used for illumination

135. REFRACTION is when... (a) wavelengths of light (whose peaks are farther apart than the objectives NA) are forced through the objective (b) light is bent from the light source to the eyepiece (c) light from the condenser spreads beyond the width of the opening in the lens (d) the wrong wavelength is used for illumination

136. Which of the following scopes present a living 3D or near a 3D appearance of the specimen being observed? (a) Confocal (b) Interference (c) Scanning Electron (d) Atomic Force (e) none of these is

incorrect

137. You were taught to focus your properly prepared slide by using the_?_and moving the stage_? (a) 4x, all the way up (b) 10x, all the way up (c) 40x, all the way up (d) 100x, all the way up and use only the Fine Focus knob (e) none of these is correct

138. Who should be the "father" of Microbiology because of his huge and significant contributions bacteriology? (a) Salk (b) Koch (c) Lister- we name Listerine after him (d) Pasteur (e) none of these is

Correct

139. The Germ Theory of Contamination and Disease was first states and proven by: (a) Salk (b) Koch (c) Lister- we name Listerine after him (d) Pasteur (e) none of these is correct

140. Who disproved the Theory of Spontaneous Generation? (a) Salk (b) Koch (c) Lister - we name Listerine after him (d) Pasteur (e) none of these is correct

141. Who discovered the causative agent of TB/Consumption? (a) Salk (b) Koch (c) Lister - we name Listerine after him (d) Pasteur (e) none of these is correct

142. Where do you dispose of microbe contaminated glass Petri Dishes? (a) the plastic bin on the second shelf of the discard table (b) in the large slanted baskets (c) in the small slanted baskets (d) in the ORANGE RED Biohazard bag

143. Where do you dispose of microbe contaminated plastic dishes? (a)the plastic bin on the second shelf of the discarded table (b) in the large slanted baskets (c) in the small slanted baskets (d)in the ORANGE -RED Biohazard bag

144. Where do you dispose of microbe contaminated small test tubes? (a)the plastic bin on the second shelf of the discarded table (b) in the large slanted baskets (c) in the small slanted baskets (d)in the ORANGE -RED Biohazard bag

145. Where do you dispose of microbe contaminated wooden or paper items? (a)the plastic bin on the second shelf of the discarded table (b) in the large slanted baskets (c) in the small slanted baskets (d)in the ORANGE -RED Biohazard bag

146. Green ovals and with various associated pink shapes are read as _?_ on the Endospore stain. (a) positive (b) negative (c) inconclusive (d) none of these is correct

147. “HOT” pink small rods that have no baby-blue associated rods of the same size are _ ?_on the Acid Fast stain. (a) a positive (b) a negative (c) re-do; "cooked" too hot (d) Acid Fast (e) answers "a and c oniy

148. The aerobic endospore forming Genus is called ?. (a) Mycobacteria (b) Clostridium (c) Bacillus (d) Nocardia (e) Escherichia

149. The MORDANT is... (a) a decolorizer of the primary stain (b) a cross-linker the CV molecules (c) something that attaches to the LIPIDS near the cell wall (d) a large molecule (e) none of these is correct

150. Which of the following stains is positive when the PRIMARY STAIN attaches itself to cholesterol-like compounds under steaming? (a) negative

Answer 1

100 : d

101 : e ( coccobacilli are a type of bacterium with a shape intermediate between cocci & bacilli, somewhat like very short rods.

103 : b (safranin)

104 : c (micrometer is the smallest unit of measurement in microbiology)

105 : c (micrometer)

106: e

109 : b (the amount of refraction increases as the wavelength of light decreases)

110 : d

111 : b down

112: c (Bring Condenser into storage position)

115 : d (Carbolfuchsin ; methylene blue)

118 : a (Hollow protein tubes, also referred to as attachment pilus )

119 : c (Prokaryotes have 70S ribosome, not 80S)

120 : c (Hot pink)

121 : d (green)