Question

Genetic variability is A) achieved through meiosis B) due to both crossing over and the law of independent assortment. c) why two siblings are uniquely different from each other. D) All of the above are true. 16. Given the image on the right of the onion root tip col, which of the following is NOT TRUE? A) The most common cell cycle stage is anaphase. B) All the stages of mitosis are depicted in the image. c) There is one cell in metaphase. D) All of the above are not true statements E) All of the above are true statements cells. The cells 17. Meiosis produces genetically produced are called A) 2: different gametes B) 4; identical, somatic cells c) 4: different; gametes D) 4; different; somatic cells E) 2: identical: daughters 18. Which of the following can lead to cancer? A) an inherited genetic mutation B) UV light C) an error in DNA replication D) A and B only E) all of the above 19. A patient has Stage 4 colon cancer. Which of the following is generally TRUE? A) This patient's cancer is less developed than a patient with Stage 2 colon cancer. B) Surgery is likely the most effective treatment option for this patient and chemotherapy should likely be avoided. C) This patient's cancer has metastasized. D) None of the above are true. Development & Stem Cells 20. Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS calls) A) are derived from embryos produced during in-vitro fertilization B) result from re-expressing just 4 genes in a differentiated coll. C) are usually taken from the brain. D) are able to differentiate into any cell in the human body, the placenta, and the amnion. 21. Which of the following answer ranks human cells in the correct order from most primitive to most differentiated? A) totipotent, multipotent, pluripotent B) totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent C) multipotent totipotent, pluripotent D) multipotent, pluripotent, totipotent E) pluripotent, multipotent, totipotent ets of genetic risk factors in each life ices (genetic factors) that were con ur an early heart attack. (2) ife, can your gers

Answer 1

15. Answer: D

• In meiosis: the daughter cells are diverse from each other as the gametes segregate and assort independently resulting in various recombination which are different.
• According to the law of segregation: Differing characters in organisms result from two genetic elements that separate in gamete formation, such that each gamete gets only one of the two alleles. Alleles pair separately or segregate during gamete formation and unite randomly during fertilization.
• Broad sense heritability measured in terms of, phenotype variance due to total genetic variance. Thus, variance seen in siblings.

16. Answer: B

• Stages of cell cycle include Interphase , Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis:
• Most stage are depicting anaphase, which is depicted by chromosome separation (thus, option A is true.
• Telophase and cytokinesis are not shown (Thus, option B is false).
• One metaphase is depicted as allignment of chromosomes at the cell equator or metaphase plate.

17. Answer: C

• In meiosis, after cytokinesis, 4 genetically haploid cells are produced.

18. Answer: E

· Carcinogens are agents that promote cancer (cancer generating).

· Carcinogens may be:

1. Physical- UV radiation,

2. Chemical- tobacco

3. Biological – Viruses like cytomegalovirus.