three (3) of the major metabolic pathways that may be found in bacteria with a brief description of each pathway?
Answer :- The first is the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas or Glycolytic pathway. The second is the cycle of Krebs (also known as the cycle of citric acid or the cycle of tricarboxylic acid), and the third is the sequence of oxidations of membrane-bound electron transport coupled with oxidative phosphorylation.
1. Glycolytic pathway :-
Once swallowed, complex carbohydrates are enzymatically hydrolyzed to monosaccharides, such as D(+)-glucose starch. Glucose catabolism is the primary energy source for short-term requirements.
2. Krebs cycle:-
In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria that lack mitochondria, the process reaction sequence of citric acid is performed in the cytosol, with the proton gradient for the production of ATP being across the surface of the cell (plasma membrane) rather than the mitochondrion inner membrane.
3. Oxidative phosphorylation:-
The final breathing stage occurs through a series of transferring electron oxidation-reduction reactions that provide the energy to drive oxidative phosphorylation; this generates ATP indeed. The enzymes involved in transporting electrons and oxidative phosphorylation reside within the bacteria's internal (cytoplasmic) membrane.
three (3) of the major metabolic pathways that may be found in bacteria with a brief...
5. Bacterial species break down glucose to pyruvate using a variety of metabolic pathways. If acidic products are produced, pH indicators can show positive glucose fermentation by the presence of acid. However, some bacteria use metabolic pathways that produce acid products which then quickly change to neutral end-products such as the butylene glycol pathway, which produces neutral end products, including acetoin and 2,3- butanediol. Other organisms use the mixed acid pathway, which produces acidic end products such as lactic, acetic,...
What is an operon? 1.Operons are sets of genes found in bacteria that are used for a shared metabolic pathway. 2.Operons are genes in eukaryotes used in development 3.Operons are sequences in prokaryotes that code for the ribosomal RNA 4.Operons are genes that have been recently transferred between bacteria
EXERCISE 4: Muscle pH 28. If you recall, there are three different metabolic pathways driving ATP production in skeletal muscle that are active at all times. However, the predominant pathway at any given time depends on the speed of the pathway and energy demand of the muscle. a. Which metabolic pathway predominates once creatine phosphate is depleted and before oxidative phosphorylation can occur ? Where does this occur within the cell? b. What is pyruvate converted to when oxygen delivery...
Many metabolic pathways were mapped using radiolabels in a pulse-chase experiment. A pulse of radiolabeled substrate would be added to growing cells (so that it enters the metabolic pathway) followed by a chase of unlabeled substrate to push the label through the pathway and into the products. If a cell is fed 14C-glucose (14C is on carbon 4), where does the 14C end up a. in 3-phosphoglycerate? (indicate on the structure) b. in pyruvate? c. after the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction?
BIOL 150 Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways Assignment 3. Complete the table below for Celutar Respiration Full, balanced equation Reactants (words) Products (words) Endergonic or exergonic Anabolic or catabolic AG Energy source used Organelle where reaction takes place Does it use an electron transport chain? Electron carrier(s) used Total number of major steps or pathways List the name of the major steps or pathways Majority of ATP generated by which step
for the three pathways for complement activation (alternative, lectin, and classical), which pathway is the least efficient at clearing invading bacteria? for C3 cleavage and amplification cascade, what goes in and what comes out?
B) Which statement is false about phosphate esters 1. can serve as intermediates in metabolic pathways that produce ATP 2. may be formed by the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP 3. can result from the reaction of a hydroxyl group with an acid 4. they're not found in molecules that have a sugar moiety
6. Discuss and explain ways that metabolic pathways are regulated. 7. Outline the three phases of glycolysis and identify the net products. 8. Describe the citric acid cycle and list the net products of the cycle.
1. Relate enzymes, metabolic pathways and metabolic regulation 2. Give at least four mechanisms that limit protein mobility in the membrane 3. List the three basic membrane protein types and describe their location relative to the membrane 4. What types of bonds are formed between substrates and active sites? 5. What functions of enzymes allows them to catalyze endergonic reactions?
3. The major pathways we have discussed in this section of the course focus on glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, glycogenolysis, the TCA cycle and electron transport. For each of these components, described the relative activity of the process as the energy charge changes from 0.8 to 0.97. In your answer simply use the words LOW or HIGH to describe the activity of the pathway or process at the two energy charge levels. Answer each question: (6 points). Physiological Process Glycolysis...