describe the activation cycle of a trimeric G protein.
Guanine nucleotide - binding proteins is known as G protein. In the resing state ,the G protein is trimeric(G a GDP G beta gamma) that is occupied byGDP.GPCRs interact with resting (GDP- bound) G- proteins,facilitate the GDP release and stablize an empty G protein conformation.G a GTP hydrolyses GTP to GDP and the G a GDP complex recognizes G beta gamma with a very high affinity: the resting trimeric complex reforms spontaneously.
GTP hydrolysis can be accelerated by "Regulators of G protein Signalling"(RGS) molecules.
Describe the process through which activation of the trimeric G protein, Go, results in increased cytosolic calcium
1. Explain the signaling cascade downstream of GPCR: • How trimeric G-protein is activated and inactivated? • What do a and By subunits do after G-protein activation?
1. What is the difference between: a. A G Protein and G Protein-Coupled Receptor b. Trimeric and Monomeric G proteins
-Describe how trimeric G proteins get activated and inactivated - Name the two common second messengers In what signaling pathways do these messengers get activated (Yes, you do need to know the names of the key players in the pathway!)? What can the second messenger then do? What two criteria are needed for activation of a receptor tyrosine kinase? -Describe how monomeric Ras is activated and what does Ras do upon activation. (Again, you must know the signaling pathway) -Describe...
Describe the receptor for glucagon or ephinephrine, and the steps leading to the activation of Protein Kinase A.
1. Explain the difference between activation of g-protein coupled recepetor activation and direct gene activation. A. Which one happens faster? B. Which one lasts longer?
Diagram the activation of the 5-HT Serotonin Receptor (G-Protein Coupled Receptor) leading to transcriptional activation in a neuron. Include signaling pathways you have learned about in lecture or in your reading that involve G-Protein Coupled Receptors and lead to gene activation. Demonstrate how Lithium acts to disrupt one of these signaling pathways.
Diagram the activation of the 5-HT Serotonin Receptor (G-Protein Coupled Receptor) leading to transcriptional activation in a neuron. Include signaling pathways you have learned about in lecture or in your reading that involve G- Protein Coupled Receptors and lead to gene activation. Demonstrate how Lithium acts to disrupt one of these signaling pathways. (20 points) 5.
Describe the activation cycle of the RAN-GTPase. Identify the factor(s) responsible for the directionality of transport across the nuclear envelope.
Ligand binding to a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) results in activation of a single G- protein and then the receptor deactivates. O True False When an activated receptor relays the signal along more than one pathways this is called convergence. O True OFalse Which of the following best describes digestive enzymes? O Hydrolases OLigases Kinases Transferases Decarboxylases Most digestive enzymes are released from cells in an inactive form. True False denatures Protein digestion in humans (and other mammals) begins in...