Question

does diacylglycerol Functions as an allosteric regulator of lipid metabolism?

does diacylglycerol play a role in the synthesis of phosphatidic acid? or is it a result of the synthesis of phosphatidic acid?

Answer 1

Answer

Part 1:

Diacylglycerols (DAGs) are involved in many metabolic pathways. They function as components of cellular membranes, blocks for glycerol-phospho lipids, and as second messengers for lipid.

Cellular DAG levels require a regulation for a constant availability. DAGs can occur in three different isoforms, with unique biological properties. DAG metabolizing enzymes generate and distinguish different DAG isoforms, and only one DAG isoform has signaling properties. Cellular diacylglycerol (DAG) has been recognized as lipid molecule which exhibits signaling function. Different DAG isomers may have distinct cellular functions and fates. The stereochemical nature of DAG isomers is a determinant for its physiological role in distinct metabolic pathways. DAG is essential for cell growth and development.

DAG has distinct unknown functional roles in the metabolic pathways.

Diacylglycerol is the direct precursor for the production of phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The enzyme that catalyzes dephosphorylation of phosphatidate is called phosphatidate phosphatase and this is an important point in glycerolipid biosynthesis.

Part 2:

Diacylglycerol (DAG) acts as an allosteric activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and is converted to phosphatidic acid by DAG kinase (DGK). Therefore, DGK is thought to be a negative regulator of PKC activation. DAG is generated by the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate by PLC enzymes. Phosphatidic acid can be formed by phosphorylation of diacylglycerol catalyzed by diacylglycerol kinase. Phosphatidic acid serves as a precursor of phospholipids, galactolipids and triacylglycerols. Conversion of diacylglycerol to phosphatidic acid deactivate conventional and novel protein kinase C.