Reverse electron flow (also known as reverse electron transport) is a mechanism in microbial metabolism. Chemolithotrophs using an electron donor with a higher redox potential than NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H, such as nitrite or sulfur compounds, must use energy to reduce NAD(P)+. This energy is supplied by consuming proton motive force to drive electrons in a reverse direction through an electron transport chain and is thus the reverse process as forward electron transport. In some cases, the energy consumed in reverse electron transport is five times greater than energy gained from the forward process.[1] Autotrophs can use this process to supply reducing power for inorganic carbon fixation.
3- Describe the process of electron flow in reverse and explain why many chemolithotrophs use it.
Chemoautolithotrophs use reverse electron flow to create: 1) energy 2)H2O 3) none of the options 4)shown all options 5)shown reducing potential
Overall electron flow in a cell using reverse electron transport Consider a cell that is using reverse electron transport to generate NADH and is not (for the moment) using the proton gradient for anything else. Assume the cell is not a phototroph (so electrons are not being recycled by light-driven pumping). Also assume that the proton gradient is produced solely by a Q-cycle like the one we've discussed, which pumps 2 protons per electron transferred. (This would imply that the...
With the use of suitable sketches, briefly describe the bonding in the H3+ ion and explain why this ion is considered to be electron deficient.
Which kind of organism uses reverse electron flow to power the production of NADH?
3) Filtration 1. Describe the process including process flow diagram II. Describe the different types of equipment utilized in each process II. Describe the different industrial applications for each process
Explain the sales and operations planning process and describe why it needs to be a dynamic process.
Describe the calibration process for a room thermometer. Is it static or dynamic calibration? Explain why.
3. Explain dendrochronology. How do these researchers evaluate historical climate? 4. Explain the bulk flow process in plants. In your answer, be sure to describe bulk flow driven by negative pressure and bulk flow driven by positive pressure. 5. Explain the mutualistic relationships that are important for proper plant nutrition using the relationship between bacteria and roots as an example. 6. How does acid rain influence cation absorption by plant roots?
The heating of the system is an irreversible process. Briefly explain why, and describe how you would need to modify the heating process to make it reversible instead.
describe aspects of various stages of the wound healing process and explain why tissue that is avascular tend not to heal well.