Question

54. The filtration membrane consists of capillary endothelium, porous basement membrane, and the (which contain filtration slits). This filtration membrane permits (large or small) molecules to be filtered. 55. Proximal tubule: The simple cuboidal cells of the proximal tubule are called brush border cells because they contain numerous The microvilli increase the for reabsorption. The proximal tubule cells are highly permeable to water and many solutes. The permit the movement of water between the cells. 56. Loop of Henle: The descending limb of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to but not to The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to but not to The thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle runs back between the afferent and efferent arterioles as they enter and leave the glomerular (Bowman's) capsule. The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the cells of the tubule. cells serve as baroreceptors sensitive to blood pressure within the arteriole. cells monitor and respond to changes in the osmolarity (or electrolyte composition) of the filtrate in the tubule. After the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the tubule becomes the distal tubule, which merges with the cortical collecting duct. The cortical collecting duct contains two functional types of cells: cells-hormones regulate their permeability to water and solutes. Intercalated cells secrete hydrogen ions for acid-base regulation. 59. The medullary collecting duct is composed of principalcells. 57. 58.

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54. The filtration membrane consist of - (basement membrane) , and the (capillary) contains filtration slits .

55. Proximal tubule: The simple cuboidal cells of the proximal tubule are called(brush border) cells because they contain numerous microvilli. The microvilli increase the (surface area ) for reabsorption.

56.Loop of Henle: The descending limb of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to (Water) but not to (solutes) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to (solutes ) but not to (water).

57. The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the (principle)cells of the tubule .(granular) cells serve as baroreceptors sensitive to blood pressure within the arteriole.(macula densa )cells monitor and respond to changes in the osmolarity (or electrolyte composition) of the filtrate in the tubule.

58.After the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the tubule becomes the distal tubule. The late distal tubule and cortical colleting duct contain two functional types of cells. (principal )cells   >   hor​​​​mones regulate their permeability to water and solutes. Intercalcated cells   > secrete hydrogen ions for acid-base regulation.