Question

For the following studies, state the study design used by the investigators.

(a) A potential link between occupational exposure to electromagnetic radiation and brain cancer was assessed by selecting 747 people with brain cancer and 1494 people without brain cancer, and then comparing them on past occupational electromagnetic exposure.

(b) The association between periodontal disease and chronic respiratory disease was studied by examining current oral health and lung function in 13792 subjects.

(c) A possible new treatment for high cholesterol was investigated by randomizing 779 patients to take a new medication or placebo for 52 weeks. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were measured at the end of follow-up.

(d) States with higher per capita use of social network sites (e.g., Facebook, Instagram) were found to have higher divorce rates.

(e) To evaluate the relationship between prenatal diet quality and risk of childhood neuro-developmental disorders, diet was measured in 27529 pregnant women. The offspring of these women were then followed for 5 years to ascertain which children developed neurodevelopmental disorders.

(f) A woman with a strong family history of Alzheimer’s disease was found to be protected from the disease due to a rare genetic mutation.

(g) The relationship between exposure to granite dust and lung cancer was studied by using past occupational records of granite workers to estimate each worker’s dust exposure, and then determining which workers had developed lung cancer up to the time the study was conducted.

Answer 1

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