Question

1. Select all correct statements regarding the contribution of insulin studies.

A. Insulin studies led to the discovery of the DNA molecules.

B. Insulin studies led to our understand of how protein molecules are build by amino acids.

C. Insulin study led to our understanding of protein shape and its function.

D. Insulin study help discover the organ pancreas.

E. Insulin studies led to our understanding of peptide construction.

2. Why was did scientists found it necessary to use bio-engineering to produce insulin? (Select all correct answers).

A. There were limited animals available for insulin extraction.

B. There were too many step in insulin purification from animals.

C. Some patients exhibited adverse reaction to the animal insulin.

D. Synthesizing insulin in the laboratory was not easy.

3. How was Humulin produced?

A. It was produced by inserting human insulin gene into a virus then allowed the virus to produce the two insulin peptide chains.

B. It was produced by using bacteria inserted with both A and B peptide gene sequences.

C. It was produced by two different strains of bacteria each inserted with one of the two human insulin peptide gene sequences.

D. It was produced by cloning humans with healthy Islets of Langerhans cells and extract the fluid from those people.

4. Select all correct statements to receive credit.

A. Diabetes is a disorder of carbohydrate matabolism.

B. Diabetes is due to insulin deficiency.

C. The cause of diabetes was discovered by American scientists in the 1920s.

D. Diabetes is a disorder that has been documented for thousands of years.

Answer 1

1. C

Insulin discovery and the understanding of the signalling pathways enabled the understanding of the pathophysiology of the diabetes. It also helped understanding the role of proteins, its role of shape in function.

2. B, C

Animal insulin purification included lot of steps and was expensive. Moreover, it was not specific to humans so some people might have shown adverse effects.

3. B

The gene is inserted into the bacterial strain; these genes are the insulin production genes. The bacteria are allowed to grow thenafter.

4. A, B.

Insulin deficiency results in ineffective breakdonw of the carbohydrate molecules. This causes diabetes.