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What is the main route of phosphate (transporter involved in transferring Pi into the chloroplast space)...

What is the main route of phosphate (transporter involved in transferring Pi into the chloroplast space) used for ATP synthesis in the plant chloroplast?

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* The chloroplast is an important organelle which generates ATP, the prime source of energy for multiple reactions inside the cell, through photophosphorylation .

*For efficient ATP synthesis, the reactants (ADP and Pi) must be transported into the chloroplasts, while the product (ATP) must be simultaneously exported out of the chloroplasts to avoid any feedback inhibition .

*In Arabidopsis, a total of 16 plastidic phosphate translocator (pPT) genes are present, including those encoding the triose phosphate (TP)/phosphate translocator (TPT), the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)/Pi translocator (PPT), the xylulose-5-phosphate/phosphate translocator (XPT), and the glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (GPT) proteins.

*In order to maintain optimal rates of photosynthesis, triose-Phosphate is exported from chloroplast stroma to the cytosol by TPT in exchange for cytosolic Pi .

*In Arabidopsis, two plastidic ADP/ATP translocator (AATP1) and H+/Pi symporter (AtPHT2;1) also have been identified and studied.

*In Arabidopsis, members of

the AtPHT2 and AtPHT4 families are expressed in chloroplasts.

*All AtPHT4 proteins were found to mediate H+-dependent Pi transport.

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