How is proofreading of a newly replicated section of DNA accomplished?
Dna replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. it is a highly accurate process, but mistakes can occasionally occur, such as a DNA polymerase inserting a wrong base. Repair mechanisms correct the mistakes.Most of the mistakes during DNA replication are promptly corrected by DNA polymerase by proofreading the base that has been just added . In proofreading, the DNA pol reads the newly added base before adding the next one, so a correction can be made. Then The polymerase checks whether the newly added base has paired correctly with the base in the template strand. If it is the right base, the next nucleotide is added. If an incorrect base has been added, the enzyme makes a cut at the phosphodiester bond and releases the wrong nucleotide. This is performed by the exonuclease action of DNA pol III. Once the incorrect nucleotide has been removed, a new one will be added again.
How is proofreading of a newly replicated section of DNA accomplished?
Discuss how linear DNA molecules are replicated.
Why must some of your DNA be replicated in fragments? Please do not focus on how the DNA is replicated but tell me why some of it must be replicated in fragments.
Multiple Choice Section: 12.02 24. DNA can be replicated continuously in both the 3 to 5' and the 5' to 3' direction O True O False True / False 3 4 5 6 7
If a strand of DNA of sequence 5’-TGGACCTAGACC-3’ is replicated, which of the following accurately represents the newly synthesized DNA strand? A. 3’-ACCTGGATCTGG-5’ B. 5’-ACCTGGATCTGG-3’ C. 5 -’ACCUGGUTCTGG - 3' D. 3’-ACCUGGUTCTGG-5'
The following DNA molecule is replicating and is going to undergo proofreading. To this end (in bold), which enzymatic activity would do the proofreading? P AGGCTAGACTCGTAGA OH 3' end AATCTGAGCAUCU A. DNA polymerase I, 3' -exonuclease B. DNA polymerase I, 5' -exonuclease C. DNA polymerase III, 5' -exonuclease D. DNA polymerase III, 3' -exonuclease E. DNA repair system 3' to 5' F. Two of the above G. None of the above
QUESTION 9 The error rate of DNA replication is reduced both by proofreading and by DNA repair enzymes. O True O False
RNA polymerases lack proofreading ability. Define proofreading ability and describe its importance in replication of DNA genomes. a. What advantage might its absence give RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2? Following protein synthesis, RNA genome and proteins assemble to form virus particles that then bud into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen and then on to the Golgi apparatus. Next, they are transported via Golgi vesicles to the cell membrane, where they are released via exocytosis. Define ER, Golgi apparatus, and exocytosis,...
DNA Replication. Sketch a replication fork of bacterial DNA in which one strand is being replicated discontinuously and the other is being replicated continuously. List six different enzyme activities associated with the replication process, identity the function of each activity, and show where each would be located on the replication fork. In addition, identify the following features on your sketch: DNA template, RNA primer, Okazaki fragments, and single-stranded DNA binding protein.
Some DNA polymerases have proofreading activities. After a nucleotide is added to a growing nucleic acid chain, it can be removed if it incorrectly pairs with the template. Speculate if ribosomes have similar proofreading activities during translation and give your reason.
B1(b). In the diagram below, a short segment of DNA is replicated in the presence of radioactive nucleotides. Explain briefly which strands in the replicated DNA will be radioactive? (5 points). 1 с G T T I ТА С A TG TIL II с G 1 Get A IG C G 1 III G 1 1 T с T A C G A TG LIV