Question

1. Briefly define the role of the promoter region of DNA in transcription.

2. Briefly define the role of the coding region of DNA in transcription.

3. Briefly define the role of the terminator region of DNA in transcription.

4. Briefly define the role of the RNA polymerase in DNA in transcription.

5. Explain the process of 5- to 3’ direction during transcription in eukaryotes.

6. Explain the role of the free nucleotide triphosphates during transcription in eukaryotes.

7. Describe the role of the antisense DNA strand in transcription, including the involvements of the T and U bases.

Answer 1

1) Promoter is a regulatory region of DNA which is a few 100 nucleotides upstream of gene, in 5' end direction. It isn't transcribed to mRNA, however it has roles in control of gene transcription. Activators bind to certain nucleotide sequences in promoter region to aid in RNA polymerase binding.

2) Coding region (CDS) of DNA is the part of gene's DNA, which codes for protein and the region generally starts at the 5' end by start codon & a ends with stop codon at 3' end.

3) The role of terminator region is to check and confirm that the correct proteins are created at the right place and time. Promoter and terminator regions are the start & stop instructions.

4) RNA polymerase is the major enzyme for transcription and it starts when the enzyme binds to a promoter sequence close to the start of a gene in a direct way or via helper proteins. The enzyme utilises one DNA strand as template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecules that is new.

hope the answer helps.