Question

Proteins • Food sources of proteins as shown in Choose My Foods booklet • Amino Acids • Structure of the amino acids and where each amino acids differ • #of total, essential and non-essential fatty acids needs Source of the amino acid pool and turnover of body proteins Definition of conditional (conditionally essential) amino acids • Proteins Definition of primary structure, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of proteins and what denaturation is Know how quality of dietary proteins are determined based on BV, PER, CS, PDAACS Be able to describe the functions of proteins in the body Know the % of protein as nitrogen from food sources Know the end products of deamination and transamination Know the steps of transcription and translation and where they occur in the cell Where excess energy from dietary proteins are stored Recommended Intake; AMDR, gms/kg (sedentary and active) • Vegetarian Diets • Definition and foods sources of incomplete, complete proteins, complementary proteins • Potential health concerns of lacto and lacto-ovo vegetarianism Know the steps of digestion and absorption of proteins Health Concerns • Know the two types of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and the characteristics of each of them • Definition of positive and negative nitrogen balances, and examples of each

Answer 1

*dear student, as an expert I can answer the first four parts or sub-parts of the question.

structure of the amino acids and where each amino acids differ

an amino acid consists of a carboxyl group (COOH) which is acidic in nature, an amino group (NH2) which is basic in nature, H atom, and a variable R group. each amino acid differs in the R group.

number of total, essential and non-essential amino acids

• total number of amino acids are 20.
• essential amino acids - there are total 9 essential amino acids - valine, tryptophan, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, histidine, lysine, phenylalanine, and threonine.
• non essential amino acids - 11 non essential amino acids are alanine, arginine, tyrosine, serine, proline, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, cysteine, aspartic acid, asparagine.

source of the amino acid pool

dietary sources and the degradation of the protein is the source of the amino acid pool.

turnover of protein

when the older proteins are replaced by the newer proteins, it is known as the turnover of proteins.

definition of conditional amino acids

they are generally not essential but in some cases like sickness they become essential. for example - arginine, cysteine, glycine, serine, etc.