Question

YOU ONLY NEED TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 1,5, & 8

AND…in addition to answering each question, state 2 other questions after each of these that might be asked of you by a health professional that would call on you to do the same calculation, or know the same concept. Give answer for these, and show all work.

174 Chapter LEARNING QUESTIONS (1) Gentamicin has an average elimination half- life of approximately 2 hours and an apparent volume of distribution of 20% of body weight. It is necessary to give gentamicin, 1 mg/kg every 8 hours by multiple IV injections, to a 50-kg woman with normal renal function. Cal- culate (a) (b) , and (c) C . 2. A physician wants to give theophylline to a young male asthmatic patient (age 29,80 kg). According to the literature, the elimina- tion half-life for theophylline is 5 hours and the apparent Vis equal to 50% of the body weight. The plasma level of theophylline required to provide adequate airway ventilation is approximately 10g/mL. a. The physician wants the patient to take medi- cation every 6 hours around the clock. What dose of theophylline would you recommend (assume theophylline is 100% bioavailable)? b. If you were to find that theophylline is avail- able to you only in 225-mg capsules, what dosage regimen would you recommend? 3. What pharmacokinetic parameter is most important in determining the time at which the steady-state plasma drug level (C ) is reached? 4. Name two ways in which the fluctuations of plasma concentrations (between and C ) can be minimized for a person on a multiple-dose drug regimen without altering the C 5. What is the purpose of giving a loading dose? 6. What is the loading dose for an antibiotic (k = 0.23h) with a maintenance dose of 200 mg every 3 hours? is 20% of the body weigh window for this drug is fr Adverse toxicity is often centrations above 15 g/ given by multiple IV bol a. Calculate the dose for (68 years old, 82 kg) function to be given e b. Calculate the anticipar values. c. Calculate the valu d. Comment on the adeg regimen. 10. Tetracycline hydrochlori V. Lederle) is prescribed male patient (28 years ol from gonorrhea. Accordi tetracycline HCl is 77% 65% bound to plasma pr ent volume of distributic elimination half-life of 1 excreted unchanged in th inhibitory drug concentr rhea is 25 to 30 ug/mL. a. Calculate an exact m this patient to be give around the clock. b. Achromycin V is ava 500-mg capsules. Ho dose) should the pati e. What loading dose us would you recommen 11. The body clearance of s 250 mL/min. The drugi able. What would be the concentration after 5 do every 8 hours in a patie state was reached.) 12. Cefotaxime has a volum 0.17 Lkg and an elimin hours. What is the peak tion in a patient weighin 1 IST 7. What is the main advantage of giving a potent drug by IV infusion as opposed to multiple IV injections? 8. A drug has an elimination half-life of 2 hours and a volume of distribution of 40 L. The drug is given at a dose of 200 mg every 4 hours by multiple IV bolus injections, Predict the plasma drug concentration at 1 hour after the third dose. 9. The elimination half-life of an antibiotic is 3 hours and the apparent volume of distri

Answer 1

Answer .5 :- Loading dose is a initial higher dose of a drug in pharmacokinetics. That may be given begning a course of treatment before dropping down the lower maintenance dose.

Loading dose is most useful dose for severe ill clients. It is most for drugs that are eliminated for the body slow cure.