Summarize Kuhn’s views on how sciences change. Include in your answer the definitions of the terms preparadigmatic, paradigm, normal science, and scientific revolution.
According to the Kuhn, the scientific paradigms change, but they cannot change very easily. The observations that are not explained by the paradigms are the anomalies. So, he proposed the alternative reason which is for most of the reasons that existing paradigms stands for and explain the anomaly.
It explains that the new paradigms change the idea of the old one. He described science as a method of inquiry which involves the objective scientific method and the emotional makeup of the scientist.
Preparadigmatic is the stage prior to the development of the paradigm which includes number of completing viewpoints. Paradigm is “the entire constellation of belief, values, techniques, and shared by the member of the community.” The paradigms are the viewpoints which are commonly shared by most of the members.
Normal Science is the way of exploring the implications of the accepted paradigm. According to Kuhn, the normal science is the “mopping-up” operation. Scientific Revolution or the revolutionary stage is the stage, where the existing paradigm is displaced by another paradigm.