On a primary or secondary prevention level, describe activities you would have elderly persons avoid who experience sleep problems.
Primary prevention is focused on avoiding the start of disease and it aims to reduce the incidence of disease. It involves interventions that are applied before there is any evidence of disease or injury. Examples include protection against the effects of a disease agent, as with vaccination.
On a primary prevention level, we should have the elderly people; avoid caffiene, nicotine and alcohol, get regular exercise and not exercise before bed-time, avoid heavy meals before bed-time, make the bed room dark and quiet before sleep and the temperature not to hot or cold in the bedroom. Avoid the use of mobile phones, computers gadgets and television before sleep and bright lights in the bedroom, take a bath to relax before sleep and meditate and do yoga exercises to avoid depression.
Secondary prevention tries to intervene and hopefully put an end to the disease before it fully develops. It also tries to reduce the number of new or severe cases of a disease.
On a secondary prevention level, we should have the elderly patients who are at risk to go for screening programmes to identify sleeping disorders in elderly through these tools (Insomnia severity Index, The Stop Bang Questionnaire and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)), Physical Therapists should educate elderly patients for appropriate positioning for sleep considering the patients diagnosis. Pain is another contributing factor so educating for positioning in a pain reduced position. The underlying problems should be treated with medication. Do not use over the counter (OTC) medication to induce sleep for long duration as it may have severe side-effects.
Few main causes of Sleep problems in older people are;
1) Sleep problems due to a disease - Heart and lung diseases (breathing at night), Gastroesophageal reflux disease (heartburn symptoms due to big meals at night), Osteoarthritis, Urinary problems, Mood problems like anxiety and depression and Medication side effects.
2) Sleep Apnea, Snoring, and other forms of Sleep-related breathing disorders
3) Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
4) Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS)
5) Insomnia
On a primary or secondary prevention level, describe activities you would have elderly persons avoid who...
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