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System Disorder ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: STUDENT NAME DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS Thermal Bucns REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER Alteratio
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Thermal burns are the most common type of burns resulting from making contact with heated objects such as boiling water, hot cooking oil,steam and hot objects.

Diagnosis:-

Thermal burns

Pathophysiology related to client problem:-

- Heated objects which cause burns result in cellular destruction of the skin layers and underlying tissue.

Health promotion & Disease prevention:-

- Fire extinguishers

- Family exit/ meeting plan

- Stop,drop and roll to extinguish clothes that are on fire.

Risk factor:-

- Use of cooking pots on ground level

- Faulty habits like use of clothing to hold cooking pot

- Alcohol abuse and smoking

- Medical conditions such as epilepsy and physical and cognitive disabilities.

Laboratory test:-

- White blood cells(WBC)

- Neutrophil percentage

- ESR

- C- Reactive protein(CRP)

Expected finding:-

Physical finding

- Redness,swelling are seen on affected area

- Pain

- Blister may develop

Laboratory finding

-WBC,Neutrophil ,ESR and CRP level are raised.

Diagnostic Procedure:-

- Asses the severity of burn by examining the skin.

- Some laboratory test such as WBC,CRP, ESR should be done.

Nursing Care:-

- Maintain patient airway/respiratory function

- Restore hemodynamic stability and circulating value.

- Relief pain

Therapeutic procedures:-

- Cool burn by holding burned skin under cool running water.

- Protect burn by covering with sterile,non adhesive bandage or clean cloth.

- Apply petroleum based ointment 2-3 time per day

- Treat pain by painkiller such as Ibuprofen, acetaminophen

Medication:-

- Pain reliever medications such as Ibuprofen,acetaminophen etc.

- Antibiotics as per the severity of burn

- Tetanus shot

Client Education:-

- Avoid scratching the affected area

- Clean the affected area daily

- Apply petroleum based ointment 2-3 times daily.

- Take painkiller if necessary

Interprofessional care:-

- Prevent infection by regular and proper clearing and dressing of the affected area.

Safety consideration:-

3 phases:-

- Emergent:- Injury to 24 - 48 hours

- Acute:- @ 36 - 48 hours

- Rehabilitative :- Begins when most of burn area has healed.

- Infection prevention

Complications:-

- Sepsis due to bacterial infection

- Hypovolemia due to fluid loss

- Hypothermia

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