Question

describe the process of neoplastic cell changes.

Discuss normal cell proliferation,

identify factors leading to altered cell proliferation.

define malignant and benign growths

compare and contrast the two types of growths with an emphasis on physiologic consequences of each

explain the initiation-promotion-progression theory.

Answer 1

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২ a A benfan tumar s. mass of cells. that ecks the ability to invade neîghboang trsaue Sometimes be dute las ge When benigntumars Ls Melly. theress mmalignand metustisize Howerer hey Can removed do not gow balk sometimes do timars Naliemnet Routh- Malignant develop when. the cells the clisecase Mallgnant are camcerou. The cells geow uncontrollkebly. If quow cnd spread life threatening can graw qickly and Cther Pauts of the body Pn a tumos contrinue to can become -בmaוט. to ग रायासामर *Diffecence: LA lof cells. hhon. nomal, it is benign. an abnomal Tump or grout the cell Pyn the tumar ceie tumon Whon the cells হk cancerou cells, and the and can grow mcontrollab orse they ale tumor malignant.

Imstiction. fxomotion- Pregression theom The processof into curcinagenes may lecist 3 Stages. et be divided 0Initiction e poomotron Progcession 0Initiationn Stage: The frst instiction, results froYm clteration, simple and /ox Stage of cananagenes am irreveasle most likely one mutations, tocmsversions small deletions genetic more bansitionu Pn DNA @ Promotion Stage: Tumor promotion 9s a zcess in caseinagenesis by whi ch Vuiay factor3 descendants permit initated single the Sumive and Le to reist undorgo clonal ste p toward cells. to expund Pn and numbers. apoptosis. to Thus is ogression

rogression starge Pragression s Bremalignant of the phase between a lesionn Cind the developmend fangression Ps stuge of neoplastic transfosmutia genetic and phenotyelc Cheinges Pnvaive the ffnal cancer. Where and cell poli ferotion occur