2. Please describe in detail the difference between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
Ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease both comes under a comman name inflammatory bowel.disease
Crohns disease : it is also known as regional enteritis
It is a idiopathic condition which is characterised by transmural , non casesting granulomatous inflammation .The most commonly affected area is segment of terminal ileumor colon
Ulcerative colitis : it is a idiopathic form of acute and chronic ulcero inflammatory colitis affecting mainly the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and descending colon
Both disease comman in 2 and 3rd decade of life .
Crohns disease can be developed in any part of GIT from.mouth to anus but most commaly the affected area is 15 - 25 cm of terminal ileum which may extend to caecum and sometimes ascending colon
Grossly the crohns disease characteristic feature is multiple well demarcated segmental bowel involvement with intervening uninvolved skip areas .
The wall of the affected area is thick and hard so it is also called as hose pipe hardening
The mucosa aslo have serpiginous ulcers
Intervening surviving mucosa is swollen giving cobblestone appearance .
Ulcerative colitis
Classically ulcerative colitis begin in the rectum in countinous form and extend to sigmoid colon descending colon transverse colon. The colonic content may rarely backflow into the terminal ileum in continuity causing black wash ileitis in 10 percent patients
The characteristic feature if UC are
It is countinous involvement of the rectum and colon without any skip areas . There are only superficial ulcers present in the mucosa
The intervening intact mucosa may form inflammatory pseudopolyps
The muscle layer are usually thickened due to contraction due to which there is narrowing and shorting of the colon
There is loss of haustral folds which gives it garden hose appearance
The summarize the full difference between these two we should look into the following tabular form
| Features | crohns disease | ulcerative colitis |
|
A. MACROSCOPIC |
||
| 1. Distribution | segmental with skip areas | continuous with out skip areas |
| 2. Location |
usually any part of GIT but commonly Terminal ileum or ascending colon |
Commonly rectum , sigmoid colon |
| 3. Extent |
usually involve entire thickness of the affected area of the bowel wall |
Usually superficial |
| 4. Ulcers | serpiginous ulcer develop into deep fissures | superficial mucosal ulcers without fissures |
| 5. Pseudopolyps | rarely seen | commanly found |
| 6. Fibrosis | comman | rare |
| 7. Shortening | due to fibrosis | due to contraction of muscles |
| B. MICROSCOPIC | ||
| Depth of information | typically transmural | it involve mucosa and sub mucosa |
| Type of inflammation | non caseating granuloma | crypt abscess are present |
| Mucosa | patchy ulceration | hemorrhagic mucosa with ulceration |
| Sub mucosa | widened due to edema | normal |
| Muscularis | infiltrated with inflammatory cells | usually spared |
| Fibrosis | present | absent |
| C. COMPLICATIONS | ||
| 1. Fistula formation | internal and external fistula | rare |
| 2. Malignant changes | rare | may occur |
| 3. Type of malignancy | lymphoma more than carcinoma | carcinoma more than lymphoma |
| 4. Fibrous strictures | comman | never |
Hope you find this helpful thank you ☺️?
2. Please describe in detail the difference between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
compare and contrast ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease?
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