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What is the vital role of significant nutritional foods and food products in the human diet?

Answer 1

What is the vital role of significant nutritional foods and food products in the human diet?

Proper nutrition is very essential for a healthy life, along with physical activity.

• Maintain healthy weight: Healthy weight meaning no underweight or over weight (obesity).
• Reduce the risk of chronic illness like diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis etc
• Promote total health

The eating habits are learned in childhood and carried to adulthood, so it is always appropriate to teach the kids of healthy eating.

The utilization of food materials by the living beings is called nutrition and the biochemical process which utilizes the nutrients for producing energy is known as metabolism.

The nutrients are essential for the human nutrition. Why?

• The body tissues are formed by these nutrients
• The nutrients provide energy by their metabolism for the body to function physically and mentally

The different nutrients categories are Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, minerals and Vitamins, and the first three help to release energy for the body. Almost 50-60 % of energy will be from the carbohydrates, 30-40% from the fat and 12-15% of energy is derived from the proteins in the diet.

The energy needed to sustain the activities varies in children, men, women, pregnant ladies, lactating mothers and elderly people.

The energy is released as the food digests or metabolizes in the body. The energy is utilized for:

• Muscular and neurological work or the mechanical function of the body
• Secretion of different hormones, enzymes, bio chemicals etc..
• Generate the tissues and maintain the structure of the body.

The nutrients from the nutritional foods are essential for the generation of new cells and tissues and also for all the chemical activities inside the body.

The body needs more energy in case of pregnant and lactating women as they have to function for the nutrition of the baby too. So the energy needs will be increased in them.

Most of the ( 50-80%) energy produced will be utilized for the basic functions of thee body, like pumping the blood, breathing, keeping the body warm, generating new tissues etc. so even though the person is inactive or bedridden, the body needs energy.

Nutritional foods and the nutrients from them are very essential for the body to function in a healthy way. The major nutrients for the body are:

• The carbohydrates, proteins and fats release the energy for the body to function.
• Proteins help to build tissues. Proteins are formed by the combination of 20 amino acids in varied forms. The essential amino acids are to be derived from foods and non essential amino acids are formed in the body.
• Fiber is essential for the bulk formation of the stool and also fiber act as fuel for the bacteria in the digestive system.
• Water is very essential and the body needs 2-5 liters per day, for various body functions.
• Minerals like Potassium, Chloride, Sodium, Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Iodine, Selenium, and Molybdenum are necessary in very small amounts, so they are called Micro nutrients. If these minerals are above or below the needed level, it will cause health problems or illness to the person.
• Vitamins are essential compounds we need to get from the food we eat, and there are 13 different vitamins. The vitamins can be fat soluble (Vitamin A, D, E and K) or water soluble (Vitamin B and C). Vitamins are needed in very small amounts and are crucial in the health maintenance. The lack or increase of it will lead to different deficiency diseases and health hazards.

The nutritional foods and the nutrients are essential for the body to

• Maintain the proper functioning.
• Prevent growth delay and development diseases in children.
• Prevent low academic performance of kids.
• Prevent disease, infection, fatigue and low performance.
• Avoid the risk of obesity and diabetes.
• Reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, osteoporosis, stroke etc

We need a variety of nutrients in different amounts to live a healthy life. According to the needs of the body, we need to consume proper and nutritious foods to get these nutrients. Balanced diet is the diet for meeting the entire requirement, and this is essential for good immunity, proper physical and mental development and functioning.