Question

connect the body cavity and the location

Answer 1

A body cavity is a space created in an organism which houses organs. It is lined with a layer of cells and is filled with fluid, to protect the organs from damage  .The human body has two main body cavities. The first, the ventral cavity, is a large cavity which sits ventrally to the spine and includes all the organs from your pelvis to your throat. This cavity is the true coelom, as it forms during human embryogenesis from the mesoderm. At first it is a single cavity. It then gets subdivided several times, into smaller cavities separated by muscles, bones, and thin tissues. The first subdivision is the diaphragmmuscle, which divides the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity.

The abdominopelvic cavity is then further subdivided into the pelvic cavityand the abdominal cavity. The pelvic cavity holds the reproductive organs, bladder, and allows the intestines passage to the anus. The abdominal cavity is where the majority of the body’s organs lie. These are sometimes referred to as the “viscera”, and they include organs like the liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, kidneys and others involved in digestion, metabolism, and filtering of the blood. A special membrane holds all of these organs in place and is called the peritoneum.

The thoracic cavity above is also subdivided into smaller section.The other division of the thoracic cavity is the mediastinum. This cavity surrounds the heart and associated veins and arteries. The heart is further protected by another layer of mesoderm which forms the pericardial cavity. The pericardium is similar to the peritoneum of the ventral body cavity, except it protects the heart. These different layers have fluids between them which act like lubricants, ensuring the heart pumps without friction.

The second main cavity, the dorsal cavity, includes both the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity. Unlike the ventral body cavity, the dorsal cavity is not a coelom, as it was not derived from mesoderm. Instead, the nerve cord and its protective cavity form when the ectoderm of the embryo folds in on itself, creating a hollow tube. While this is similar to coelom formation, it happens on the outside of the organism, in a different germ layer. The cranial cavity is the most protective body cavity. It surrounds the brain in bone, soft tissue, and a protective layer of liquid which reduces the strain and damage from impacts. The vertebral cavity is similar, but has gaps were the nerves must enter or exit. Like the other body cavities, the dorsal cavity is surrounded in a thin layer of cells. In this case it is not called peritoneum, but meninges, as it was derived from a different germ layer. Its function however, is the same.

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