Question

12. For each of the following substances, indicate w how much is reabsorbed from the renal tubule into the peritu which hormone(s) regulate that reabsor decrease reabsorption. 3 substances, indicate whether or not it enters the filtrate, and if so, e renal tubule into the peritubular capillaries or vasa recta, one(s) regulate that reabsorption, and whether the hormone(s) increase or SUBSTANCE Enters filtrate? If "yes", how much is reabsorbed? 1 Glucose Yes No All Some None Large proteins Yes No All Some None Very small proteins Yes No All Some None Na Yes No ALL Some None Water Yes No All Some None If "some", which hormones regulate reabsorption? Aldosterone T 1 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 1 1 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone 11 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) t 1 Parathyroid Hormone 1 1 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone T ! Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) f 1 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 11 Parathyroid Hormone 1 1 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 11 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 11 Parathyroid Hormone f None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 11 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) ! Parathyroid Hormone f 1 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone 11 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 11 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone 11 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 11 Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 11 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 1 + Parathyroid Hormone 11 None, regulated by diet Aldosterone 11 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet Aldosterone Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) 11 Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 11 Parathyroid Hormone None, regulated by diet KI Yes No All Some None 11 Ca2 Yes No All Some None 1 Yes No All Some None Acids (H), Bases (HCO3-) Cells Yes No All Some None + 1 Cell wastes Yes No All Some None

Answer 1

substance	enters filtrate	how much is reabsorbed	which hormone regulates reabsorption	does it increase /decrease reabsorption
glucose	yes	almost 90%is reabsorbed	aldosterone	increases reabsorption
large protein	no, since they are large in size cannot pass through filtrate	none	none	none
small protein	yes, since they are small in size	99% is reabsorbed	ADH hormone reabsorbs in vasa recta	increases the level of reabsorption
Na+	yes	some of it is reabsorbed	aldosterone hormone regulates sodium reabsorption	Aldosterone reduces sodium concentration.
K+	yes	yes. It is reabsorbed in proximal tubules	Aldosterone regulates reabsorption	It increases retention of sodium and water and thereby increase excretion of potassium by kidney thereby decreasing potassium reabsorption.
ca2+	yes, only iodised and complex forms are filtered	95% is reabsorbed	parathyroid regulates reabsorption	It increases reabsorption
acid-base	yes, bicarbonate ions are easily filtered	reabsorbs filtered bicarbonate ions	Aldosterone regulates reabsorption	It increases reabsorption
cells	No, as they are large in size they do not pass filtrate	none	none	none
cell waste	No because they are larger in size	none	none	none
water	yes	yes about 70% is reabsorbed	ADH	ADH increase water reabsorption