Question

Short Answers: 1. The following is an mRNA sequence; determine the peptide sequence in using the genetic codon table provided above. Describe how you solve the problem. 5'-AAAGGGCGCAUGGGGAAAUGUCGCUGACGAAAUAAAAAA-3'

Answer 1

1. The following is an mRNA segnence; deterinine the Peptide sequence in using the genetic codon lable and provide above Dr Describe how you solve the problem S - AAAGGG CGCAUG GGG AAA UGUC GCUGACG AAA UA AAAAA - 31. aswer: Genes that provede instructions for protein are expressed in a two-step pran Isanseription DNA seguene to RNA) • Translation (mRNA to protein) CODONS: Cells decode mRNAs by reading their nucleotide in groups of three called CODONs. Some features: Most codons specify an amino and • Three "stop" codons mark the end of protin one "start" codon , AUG , marts the beginning of a protein (encode methionine) - during translation, mRNA lodons are read from 5' 3' and specify the onder of aã in a prostir from N-terminal th (methionine) to a c-terminal Start codon Stop codon Storcodon 3 UGA UC AUG AUC UCG, UAAGAUÃ mRNA 31 met (ICS (STOP pálypeptide N-ter c-ter

The Genetic code table: The full set of relationships between codons and a ã (or stop signals) is called Genetie Code end ins AG Γυυυ Tuuc UAV JUGulan luce und my luncheon UCA Ser MAA JUGA stop U LUUA Ja UGG] Top. LUUG Ecul - Notice that many ads are represented in the table by more than one Codom . - For enstance, there are six different ways to write "leucine" in the mRNA Language It is a Universal i.e. Genetic codes are used for protein synthesis for all speeins. cu Leuc CUU CUC cu CAU His can cce po lex In my KUA CUG CCG ACV AUU ACC A AUC JACA AM AGA Aral IACA LACG LAUA LAGG ACG And Lye Acelang AAG AUG GUU Gu GCC 4 GUC GUA GUG IGAUA AGU KACP Gac GAAT GL /GGAG IGCA GCG

Reading frame: - to reliably get from an mRNA to a protin, we need one more concept; that of reading frame, - Reading frame defermines how the mRNA sepnence is divided up into codons during translation For example [mRNA - AAA GGG C GC AUG G GGGAAA, JUGU CGC, UGAC GAMA VAR AAA-3 N-ter ł C-ter. Ipolypeptide chain] So, how does a cell know which of these pritim to make the The start Codon is the key signal Because translation begins at the start codon and continues in incussive group of three, the position of start codon ensures that the mRNA is read in the correct frame.