Question

1. How is energy used ( by transporters and pumps), directly or indirectly to power potassium transport along the nephron, at the proximal tubule, loop of Henle and the collecting duct?

2. List the approximate percentages of the filtered load of calcium reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, thick ascending limb of Henle and distal tubule, and the mechanisms whereby calcium is reabsorbed in each of these nephron segments.

Answer 1

Q-1):

• Proximal convoluted tubule:
• Most of the potassium is absorbed by paracellular mechanism like solvent drag and simple diffusion.So it is a type of passive transport.
• Loop of Henle:
• Na⁺/K⁺ pump help to maintain sodium concentrate. It is active transport.
• Rest of the potassium is reabsorbed by paracellular mechanism by passive transport.
• Collecting duct:
• It occur by by K⁺/H⁺ pump and is active transport.

Q-2):

lead of The approximate perendage of the filtered calcium reabsorbed in proximal tubule is - 60 to 70% thick ascending limb of Henke - 20% distal tubule - 10% Mechanism of reabsorption :- * The reabsorption of cats in the proximal tubule parchels that of wat and Hoo. This is mainly by passive diffusion. A small but significant component of active calicium transport is observed in the proximal rebule. It a account 10 to 15 y. of total reabsorption in proximal tubule. * In the thide asending timb, the bulle of cate . reabsorption proccods through the paracellular pathway and is proportions to the translubular eleho chemical driving force. * In distal tubule, callium reabsorption is exclusidy via the transcellular route. This is achuc process process because it proceeds against a chemical and an elechiced gradient.

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