Question

5. Using arrows, write the flow of genetic information in correct sequence for the following three components: mRNA, protein (amino acid sequence), DNA 14-121 PEA

Answer 1

5) The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein. Genetic information is unidirectional.

DNA ->   mRNA   ->   Protein (aminoacid sequence)

The arrows indicate flow of information.

DNA may be considered as the most important bimolecule in living system. The other two vital molecules - RNA and Protein play equally important role. The interrelationship of these three classes of molecules constitutes the "Central dogma of molecular biology".

In this principle, DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein. The process involved in this flow of information are replication, transcription and translation.   

replication -> transcription -> translation

*Replication : DNA acts as the template for its own synthesis ; a double stranded DNA is duplicated to give two identical copies.

*Transcription : It is the synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.

*Translation : During translation, the nucleotide sequence of RNA is converted into the sequence of aminoacids comprising protein.

Central dogma reverse : Synthesis of DNA on RNA template, is known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Since this process involves a reverse of the normal transcription (from DNA to RNA) it is called reverse transcription or central dogma reverse.