Question

What are the answers to the following genetics questions:

​Translation begins when the DNA in a chromosome unwinds and one strand is used as a template to make a pre-mRNA molecule.

a. True

b. False

Each amino acid has a different side chain, called a(n) ____.

a. ​amino strand

b. ​carboxyl group

c. ​R group

d. ​glucose pentose configuration

e. ​ribosomal attachment

Lactose intolerance is caused by a(n) ____.

a. ​nucleotide substitution that prevents lactose production

b. ​variant manifestation of galactosemia

c. ​accumulation of galactose-1-phosphate

d. ​inability to digest lactose

e. ​excess in lactose production

During replication, the direction of synthesis of new DNA from the leading and lagging strands is

a. 3' to 5' only.

b. 5’ to 3’ only

c. both 5' to 3' and 3' to 5'.

d. from left to right only.

e. different, depending on whether the cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

The sequence of a template strand of DNA is 3'-CATTACGCTT-5'. What is the sequence of the

   corresponding mRNA?

Answer 1

​Translation begins when the DNA in a chromosome unwinds and one strand is used as a template to make a pre-mRNA molecule. The given statement is false because DNA unwinding and production of pre-mRNA molecule occur at the time of transcription, not translation.

Each amino acid has a different side chain, called a R group. The remaining part of each amino acid is same, known as backbone.

Lactose intolerance is caused by inability to digest lactose​​​​​​. It is a problem of digestive system.

During replication, the direction of synthesis of new DNA from the leading and lagging strands is 5' to 3' only because the enzyme, DNA polymerase III can add nucleotides from 5' to 3' only.

The corresponding mRNA will be synthesized according to complementary base pairing rule where A binds with U (for RNA only)/T and G binds with C. So, the sequence of mRNA will be 5'-GUAAUGCAA-3'.