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WORD BANK: Complementary gene interaction, Duplicate gene action, Dominant gene interaction, Recessive epistasis, Dominant ep
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The dihybrid cross for the given alleles would be as follows:

DM DM DmdM dm DDMM DDMm DIMM DdMm DDMm DDmm DdMm Ddmm DdMM DdMm ddMM ddMm DdMm ddMm ddmm Dm dM dm

a) The phenotype and frequency for each of the given outcomes would be

M_D_ - Frequency would be 9 out of 16 and phenotype would be cat with a black fur because M_ codes for black pigment

M_dd -  Frequency would be 3 out of 16 and phenotype would be cat with light gray fur because the presence of homozygous dd masks the phenotype of M/m and results in a light gray fur

mmD- - Frequency would be 3 out of 16 and phenotype would be cat with a black fur because mm codes for brown pigment

mmdd - Frequency would be 3 out of 16 and phenotype would be cat with light gray fur

b) The phenotype ratio would be

9:3:4 (Black: brown:light gray)

c) This is recessive epistasis because in this case the recessive homozygous alleles dd are masking the phenotype of dominant allele M_

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