Question

uestion 2

I am a pale Irish woman and after I go for a run, my face is bright red – so much so that people often think something is wrong with me. I assure everyone that I am fine and because I know that this redness is due to

		Increased vasoconstriction to release excess heat from exercise
		Increased vasodilation to release excess heat from exercise
		Increased blood pressure to decreased cardiac output when I exercise
		Decreased blood pressure to decreased cardiac output when I exercise
		Both B and D

ion 3

You want to have a higher concentration of HDLs than LDLs because

		LDLs hold higher levels of cholesterol
		LDLs activate the synthesis of cholesterol in the cells
		LDLs will drop excess cholesterol in the bloodstream
		LDLs take cholesterol to the liver to be removed from the blood

4

When atherosclerosis results in a narrowing of an artery due to a plaque, this causes

		Increased blood pressure
		Decreased blood pressure
		Decreased stroke volume
		Lower levels of LDLs

5

How can damage to the left side of the heart also result in kidney damage?

		The heart damage causes an increase in blood pressure which puts too much stress on the kidneys
		The heart damage causes a decrease in blood pressure which prevents the kidneys from functioning
		The heat damage causes a significant increase in cardiac output which puts too much stress on the kidneys
		Both A and C

7

You have a patient that gets chronic infections and does not seem to be able to fight them off without additional antibiotics. Which of these is the most likely cause of the problem for this patient?

		Platelets are not functioning correctly
		Red blood cells are not functioning correctly
		The patient has an iron deficiency
		White blood cells are not functioning correctly

11

Which of these is a common result of atherosclerosis

		High blood pressure
		Increased risk of heart attack
		Increased risk of stroke
		All of the above
		A and C only

12

You have been diagnosed with high cholesterol, so your physician proscribes statins. These drugs lower your cholesterol by

		Inhibiting an enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol
		Activating an enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol
		Sending cholesterol to the liver to be removed from the blood
		Sending cholesterol to the cells to be removed from the blood

'

13

When you lean on your arm and compress the arteries for a long time, your arm can “fall asleep”. This is because

		The compression of the arteries resulted in increased blood flow and blood pressure
		The compression of the arteries resulted in decreased blood flow and blood pressure
		The compression of the arteries resulted in damaged nerve cells
		The compression of the arteries results in increased pain receptor production

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Question 14

You have a patient with left side heart damage. What should you expect to happen next?

		Wet breath sounds and difficulty breathing
		Numbness in the extremities
		Increased cardiac output
		Loss of memory

15

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks a particular type of cells and stops its functioning, thus people with the disease are susceptible to infections. What type of cell does HIV attack?

		Red blood cell
		Platelet
		White blood cell
		Liver Cell

Answer 1

2) Increased vasodilation to release excess heat from exercise

This helps in letting more blood circulate via the vessels.

3) LDLs hold higher levels of cholesterol.

They start blocking the arteries causing problems.

4) increased blood pressure.

Blood needs more pressure to pass via the blocked artery , increasing the blood pressure in the walls.

5) both A and C

7) white blood cells are not functioning properly.

WBCs helps in fighting infections and diseases and so if they don't fight properly, we need the help of antibiotics .

11)all of the above.

All the options given are caused by artherosclerosis.