Question

Describe in detail the immune system, hypersensitivity and autoimmune disorders for the respiratory system, urinary system, digestive.

Answer 1

There are 4 types of hypersensitivities-

	Type 1	Type2	Type 3	Type 4
Immune reactant	IgE	IgG or IgM	IgG and IgM	T cells
Mechanism of activation	IgE antibodies by the help of their Fc receptors bind to mast cells. Then degranulation cells of mast cells along with allergen occurs.	complement activation and cell lysis occur.	binding of the specific antibodies to antigen leads to complement activation and recruits neutrophils to the desired place. Enzymes released by neutrophils damage the tissues also.	Cytokines are secreted which activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells causing a hypersensitivity reaction.
Examples	Hay fever, food and drug allergies.	Allergies occurring after mismatched transfusion of blood.	Glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis,	Contact dermatitis, Type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis.
Antigen	soluble molecule	Cell-associated molecule	Soluble molecule	Soluble or cell-associated molecule.2

respiratory autoimmune disorders-

Interstitial lung disease is a group of lung disorders in which the lung tissues become inflamed and then damaged due to autoimmunity against own respiratory system.

autoimmune disorders of the urinary system- Glomerulonephritis is a group of diseases that injure the part of the kidney that filters blood.

autoimmune diseases of the digestive system- Ulcerative Colitis. Crohn's Disease. Celiac Disease.