Question

Note: Do not just list and define terms from your handouts!!! “Discuss" means describe how the terms or elements interrelate with each other. Show me you know not only the terms but also how to use them in discussing health care Question 1. (50 points) Why is there a current trend towards a Wellness Model" in the US? Use examples from readings to support your answer!!! Question 2. (50 points) Identify and discuss the various characteristics of healthcare services in the US that make the case that it is a fragmented system Use examples from readings to support your answer!! Question 3. (50 points) Define Technology Diffusion" and how does it increase the cost of health care? Use examples from readings to support your answer!! Question 4. (50 points) Define "Provider-Induced-Demand and explain why it results in increased health care costs. Use examples from readings to support your answer!!!

Answer 1

1) answer :

we believe wellness is a continual process towards optimal functioning through a dynamic balance among all aspects of an individual .

wellness model have a great importance in promotion,maintainance of health of the individual.it provides adequate information to the people to achieve optimal health .

- wellness model having different types of dimensions such as ...

• Physical dimension .
• financial dimension .
• intellectual dimension .
• occuptional dimension.
• cultural dimension.
• social dimension.
• emotional dimension
• spiritual dimension .

All these dimensions are helping the people to stay health .

- now a days, people are having much stress and strain in their work places and they are more prone to get diseases easily .wellness model helping the people to cope with the their work burden and gives information to live healthy .

some of the elements of wellness model includes :

• Maintainance of physical health .
• taking balanced nutrition .
• getting adequate sleep and rest.
• excercises .
• establishing financial security.
• managing debt.
• acquiring healthy life style habits .
• understanding small habits .
• recognising the risks .
• colloborating with others .
• maintainance of healthy environment .
• early health checkups .
• having satisfactory work .
• mantaining work and life balance .
• creating harmonius environment
• establishing healthy relation ships .

These are some elements which have great impact on maintainance of health .

for example : if we take a person who are having habit of smoking ,lack of excercise ,sedentary life style ,eating more fatty diet .he is prone to get cardiovascular diseases ,if he follows wellness models ,he may stay healthy .

2) answer :

characteristics of health care services in US that make the fragmented system :

• No central governing agency .
• curative technology driven .
• costly ,unequal ,average outcomes .
• imperfect market conditions .
• government subsidizes private sectors .
• fusion of market and social justice .
• multiple players and balance power.
• quest for investigation.
• below average number of health care providers .
• high cost .
• low incentives .
• lack of co ordination
• Lack of resources .

Example : health care services are fragmented ( high cost ,lack of facilities ) the poor peoplecannot afford the health care services ,so they prpne to get illness .

3) answer :

technology diffusion : ii is the process by which innovations ( new products ,new process,new management ) spread with and across economics .

- it has all kinds of newly emerged technologies which are gradually adopted by societies .

-americans have come to demand state of the art medical technology despite its astronomical costs ,we place a large emphasis on medical specialization and insurance companies actually creates moral hazards in providing of health care funds .

- new innovations are benefit to the people but these are creating fear to the public by increasing health care costs .

- poor people in the US cannot afford such huge amounts for health and they are suffering a lot .

4) answer : there is a increased number of people with health insurances leading to a greater demand provider for health care services .

- another thing is there is increased number of population with health problems by various factors such as accidents ,natural disasters ,unmet needs ,unemployment ,low socio economic status ,illiteracy etc .

these are all influencing the people to go in a illness ,so they are very needy for health care ,so demand of providers are increasing .

-cost of care also increases due to technological innovations .