Question

5. Beta-lactam antibiotics are the major antibiotics. Where they act? Name two different types of antibiotics which fall in this category. Explain where they resemble and where they differ. 6. Penicillin and Tetracycline; which one is narrow spectrum and which one is broad spectrum and why-explain. 7. There are two types of antibiotics which act on membrane. Name one member of each type. Why one antibiotics of this group exclusive works on fungus/protists and not on bacteria. 8. Many antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis. They should be narrow or broad spectrum antibiotics and why? Name 3 of them and explain how/where they work (site of action). 9. Usually, how many ways bacteria becomes drug resistance-explain. 10. What is Kirby-Bauer test and what it is used for? Explain the process. 11. Why animal viruses have envelope, explain with example. 12. What is the basic difference between infection by phage and an animal virus, explain? 13. Can we culture virus like we do with bacteria in media? What are the ways virus is cultured-explain? 14. Why it is difficult to design drugs for virus? Name two anti-virus drugs and explain how they work. 15. What is prion? What it causes, explain.

Answer 1

Answering 5 to 7 question

5. Beta lactam antibiotics act on peptidoglycan layer of bacteria.

Examples:amoxicillin and levofloxacin

Amoxicillin is narrow spectrum antibiotics

Levofloxacin acts against gram negative organisms

6. Pencilling is narrow spectrum, targets specific types of bacteria and tetracyclines are broad spectrum antibiotics, targetsmore bacteria.

7. Polymixines acts on cell membrane and reducing proteins synthesis