Describe Brentano’s phenomenology. What did he mean by intentionality? What did Husserl mean by pure phenomenology?
Phenomenology is a method focusing on the experience of an incident. Franz Brentano was influenced by scholastic versions of Aristotelian thought as well as by the radical empiricism of Hume.
Brentano proposed the concept of intentionality, which was derived from scholastic philosophy. Also summarized as aboutness (relationship between mental acts and the external world), Brentano described it as the main reason of differentiation between mental phenomena and physical phenomena.
He stated that each psychological act is directed to a particular intention. Brentano described his theory as "intentional inexistence" and tried to indicate that every thought of our mind is directed to an intentional object.
One of Brentano's students, Edmund Husserl, explained the knowledge of phenomenology for describing the rigorous method of philosophical and scientific enquiry.
Husserl aimed and believed that phenomenology can build a bridge between inner and outer world. He believed that for a science of pure abstract, thought arrives from the temporal essences of objects. His goal was to transcend the temporal limitations of ordinary experience and to fathom the timeless reality that underlies it.