In May’s theory, what is the relationship between anxiety and guilt? What is the difference between normal anxiety and neurotic anxiety?
Rollo Reece May (1909 – 1994), an American psychologist, introduced the theory of existentialism to USA (United States of America). He is the author of the book “Existence: A new dimension in psychiatry and psychology”. He was a clinical psychologist by profession, and shared his views that people frequently run away from responsibility and decision making.
According to him, anxiety is experienced by people when they get aware that their existence is in danger or in question. The acquisition of freedom develops into anxiety. Based upon the situation, the anxiety may be pleasurable or painful.
Guilt, according to him, arises whenever people deny their capabilities and potentialities. They fail to fulfill the needs of others, or unnoticed their needs. Both anxiety and guilt are ontological, and arise depending upon a person’s perception.
He described normal anxiety as the feeling which is proportionate to the moments, situation, and threat. It is not involving repression, and can be bring into control at conscious level.
Neurotic anxiety, on the other hand, is an emotional reaction that leads to repression and aggressive behaviors. Neurotic anxiety is developed when one's values are suppressed. It blocks mental growth and hinders physical health too.