a) It should be noted that in cross 1 only one gene is involved and that single is dominant to double. Cross 2 which is approximately in the ration of 3:1 confirms that single is dominant to double.
It should be noted that in cross 3 and 4 a ratio of 1:1 was observed suggesting that super-double is an allele of both single and double which should be heterozygous and dominant to both single and double. When crossed with appropriate plants the super-double is capable of producing both single and double, it cannot be heterozygous for single allele. Hence, it should be heterozygous for the double allele.
Multiple allelic series detected: super-double>single>double.
Cross | Parents | Progeny | Conclusion |
1 | A S /A S X A D /A D | A S /A D | A S is dominant to AD |
2 | A S /A D X A S /A D | 3 AS/-: 1 AD/AD | Supports above conclusion |
3 | A D /A D X A Sd /A D | 1 ASd/AD: 1 AD/AD | A Sd is dominant to AD |
4 | A S /A S x A Sd /A D | 1 ASd/AS: 1 AS/AD | A Sd is dominant to AS |
5 | A D /A D X A Sd /A S | 1 ASd/AD: 1AD/AS | Supports conclusion of heterozygous super-double |
6 | A D /A D X A S /A D | 1 AD/AD: 1 AD/AS | Supports conclusion of heterozygous super-double |
b) The cross does not take into account about either the female sterility or the origin of super-double plant from a double-flowered variety. There are quite a few mechanisms that could be used to explain the origin of super-double from double-flowered varieties. But because of female sterility, no homozygote for super-double could be observed.