For Wertheimer, what represents the best type of problem solving? Contrast this type of problem solving with rote memorization and logical problem solving.
Wertheimer applied the Gestalt theory to learning and education. He wrote a book on this named as Productive thinking which was published by his son in 1945 after he died. This book includes experimentation, personal experience, and interviews with great problem solvers at that time like Albert Einstein.
He also distinguished the Gestalt principles of learning with rote memorization. The differences between the two were based on laws of association and external support. The Gestalt principles of learning were constructed on the understanding of the problem’s nature. When there is a problem then it forms a cognitive imbalance which persists until the problem is solved.
To learn and solve the problem are directed by external (extrinsic) and internal (intrinsic) reinforcements. Gestalt principles of learning are based on understanding the construction of question which helps in remembering it and makes relations with similar questions or situations. He also believed that some learning is insignificant even if one applies memorization, extrinsic reinforcements, and mental associations.
Analysis of Wertheimer also states that logical solving was also not of important because in this everyone has to think in a same way. So, both this rote memorization and logical thinking affects the productive thinking in a negative way as they tried the people to learn a particular thing in same manner as other people do. Wertheimer suggested that every individual is unique and applies his abilities in his unique way to solve problems.